Issued February 10, 1912. 



1406 



U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS—BULLETIN 244. 

T A. C. TRUE, Director. 

9T] ' ' ‘ - 

REPORT 

ON THE 

BELZONI DRAINAGE DISTRICT IN 
WASHINGTON COUNTY, 
MISSISSIPPI. 



/ 


BY 

H. A. KIPP, 

Drainage En g i neer . 



PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 

C. G. ELLIOTT, 

Chief of Drainage Investigations. 


-( 




/ 


o. 















WASHINGTON 

government printing office 

1912. 






3 . 


' - ^ FA 


Jhxiograph 





















/ 














1406 


Issued February 10, 1912. 



U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS—BULLETIN 244. 

A. C. TRUE, Director. 


REPORT 

ON THE 

BELZONI DRAINAGE DISTRICT IN 
WASHINGTON COUNTY, 



BY 

\ ' A 

MX 

H. A. KIPP, 

I * 7 

Drainage Engineer. 


PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OP 

C. G. ELLIOTT, 

Chief of Drainage Investigations. 



WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1912. 














S’ 


<X 


<\ t 


4 




V 


4 s - 


OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS. 

A. C. True, Director. 

E. W. Allen, Assistant Director. 

STAFF OF DRAINAGE INVESTIGATIONS. 

C. G. Elliott, Chief Drainage Engineer and Chief of Drainage Investigations. 

A. D. Morehouse, Office Engineer and Assistant Chief of Drainage Investiga¬ 
tions. 


R. D. Marsden, Office Engineer. 

II. II. Barrows, Assistant Office Engineer. 

G. F. Pohlers, II. B. Artley, J. G. Hanford, Draftsmen. 

H. S. Yohe, Senior Clerk. 

DRAINAGE ENGINEERS. 

S. H. McCrory, H. A. Kipp, F. F. Shafer, O. G. Baxter, G. M. Warren, D. L. 
Yarnell, J. Y. Phillips, L. A. Jones, F. G. Eason, C. W. Okey. 

ASSISTANT DRAINAGE ENGINEERS. 

J. R. Haswell, N. B. Wade, W. J. Schlick, A. G. Hall, C. W. Mengel. 

DRAINAGE ENGINEERS FOR IRRIGATED LANDS. 

R. A. Hart, D. G. Miller, W. W. Weir, S. AY. Cooper, AY. A. Kelly, W. N. 
Hall, AY. G. Sloan. 


ENGINEERS AVAILABLE FOR SPECIAL WORK. 

S. M. A\ t oodward, A. E. Morgan, C. F. Brown, L. L. Hidinger. 
[Bull. 244] (2) 




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< < t 



LETTER OE TRANSMITTAL 


U. S. Department of Agriculture, 

Office of Experiment Stations, 

Washington, D. C., August 1 , 1911. 

Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a report prepared by 
H. A. Kipp, drainage engineer, under the direction of C. G. Elliott, 
chief of drainage investigations, accompanied by maps and diagrams. 
It presents a plan of drainage for a tract of 100,000 acres of wet low¬ 
lands in the Yazoo Delta lying in the eastern part of Washington 
County, Miss., known as the Belzoni drainage district. The report 
gives the results of an extensive field survey, supplemented by special 
investigations of run-off and high-water stages in the vicinity of the 
district, made by engineers of drainage investigations in 1910-11. 
Plans for the improvement of the district, together with a discussion 
of the difficulty of completely reclaiming these lowlands are given, 
together with an estimate of the probable cost of the drainage work. 

The plans recommended in the report, while referring particularly 
to the Belzoni drainage district, are representative in a general way of 
the methods of overcoming the difficulties which may be encountered 
in the reclamation of many similar areas in the Yazoo Delta. Land- 
owners within this great valley of 4,000,000 acres of rich alluvial soil 
are becoming more and more interested in the improvement and 
agricultural development of the land, 70 per cent of which is still 
covered with a dense growth of timber and heavy underbrush. 
Other drainage districts are being organized, and being assured that 
this report contains much that will be of vital interest to those who 
contemplate such undertakings in the lower Mississippi Valley, its 
publication as Bulletin 244 of this office is recommended. 

Respectfully, 


Hon. James Wilson, 

Secretary of Agriculture. 


A. C. True, Director. 


[Bull. 244] 


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' SB!l 








CONTENTS. 


Page. 


I ntiod action.T.. 9 

Location and description. 10 

Natural drainage and outlets. 11 

Soils and crops. 13 ‘ 

The survey. 14 

Rainfall and run-off. 15 

Rainfall at Greenville, Miss. 19 

Rainfall at Yazoo City, Miss. 19 

Storms recorded at Yazoo City. 20 

Storms recorded at Greenville. 21 

Plan for drainage. 22 

Map. 26 

Profiles. 26 

Hydrographs. 27 

Drainage unit No. 1. 28 

Drainage unit No. 2. 28 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 2. 30 

Drainage unit No. 3. 31 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 3. 32 

Drainage unit No. 4. 32 

Drainage unit No. 5. 32 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 5. 34 

Drainage unit No. 6. 35 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 6. 37 

Drainage unit No. 7. 38 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 7. 39 

Drainage unit No. 8. 40 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 8. 41 

Bridges. 41 

Summary. 42 

Method of construction. 44 

Beneficial results. 45 

Appendix. 4fi 

Acreage which may be flooded during periods of extreme and average high 

water. 46 

Division of the district by drainage units into cultivated, timber and 

deadened timber lands, and sloughs, bayous, and lakes. 46 

Division of the district by sections into cultivated, timber and deadened 

timber lands, and sloughs, bayous, and lakes. 47 

Bench marks. 50 


[Bull. 244] 


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REPORT ON THE BELZONI DRAINAGE DISTRICT, 

MISSISSIPPI. 


INTRODUCTION. 

The Belzoni drainage district, embracing that part of Washington 
County, Miss., east of the Big Sunflower River, was organized under 
a special act passed by the legislature in the year 1909. The bill 
provided for the cooperation of the Belzoni Drainage Commission 
with the United States Government in the making of the necessary 
surveys and plans for the drainage of the district. Accordingly, in 
June, 1910, Mr. S. Castleman, of Belzoni, one of the newly elected 
drainage commissioners, requested the Secretary of Agriculture to 
have the necessaiy drainage survey made by engineers of this depart¬ 
ment. The matter was referred to C. G. Elliott, chief of drainage 
investigations of the Office of Experiment Stations. 

This district is representative of a number of similar tracts in the 
Yazoo Delta, which are subject to periodic overflow from the larger 
streams, or which are too wet for cultivation on account of the lack 
of drainage, and it was therefore considered a profitable field for 
investigation by this office. S. H. McCrory, drainage engineer of 
drainage investigations, spent two days in early September, 1910, 
making a preliminary examination of the territory. He arranged 
with the board of commissioners that the survey would be made and 
a report with plans, estimates, and maps would be prepared by this 
office for the drainage of the district, provided that the commissioners 
would furnish $2,000 toward the cost thereof. This agreement was 
approved by the chief of drainage investigations. 

On October 6, a few days prior to the beginning of the survey, 
Chancellor E. N. Thomas, presiding in the Washington County 
Chancery Court at Greenville, held the law creating the Belzoni drain¬ 
age district to be unconstitutional. The case was promptly appealed 
to the Supreme Court, which, on December 20, rendered a decision 
upholding the findings of the lower court and abolishing the Belzoni 
drainage district. The $2,000 fund having been furnished by the 
Board of Drainage Commissioners and about half spent by that time, 
it was deemed advisable not to stop the field work and it was carried 
through to completion without delay. The report, plans, estimates, 

9 


14859°—Bull. 244—12-2 




10 


and maps have since been made and copies forwarded to the com¬ 
missioners in accordance with the original agreement, and in all 
probability the district will proceed under the general drainage law 
of the State or under a revised special act. 

LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION. 

The district lies in Washington County wholly within the Yazoo 
Delta, about 130 miles south of Memphis, Tenn., 60 miles north of 
Vicksburg, Miss., and 30 miles east of the Mississippi River. The 
Big Sunflower and Yazoo Rivers form the west and east boundaries 
of the district, respectively, while the Washington County line forms 
the boundary on the north and south. The Choctaw boundary and 
the Yazoo County line clip the northeast and southeast corners of 
the district diagonally. The width, north and south, is 12 miles, 
and the length, east and west, varies between 11 and 19 miles. The 
average length is about 13 miles and the area is approximately 103,000 
acres. Belzoni, the principal town of the district, is midway between 
the north and south boundaries on the Yazoo River. It is on the 
Yazoo Delta branch of the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad and 
at the south end of the Itta Bena branch of the Southern Railway. 
The former road extends northwest and south from Belzoni; the 
latter, north. A right of way through the timber has been cleared 
for an extension of the Southern Railway to the southwest from 
Belzoni, and some grading has been done, but this work has been 
abandoned and the road may not be completed for some time. 
Isola, the second largest town in the district, is on the Yazoo & 
Mississippi Valley Railroad near the north boundary and midway 
between the two rivers. There are also several smaller settlements 
within or near the boundaries of the district, such as Duke, Perkins, 
Jaketown, Belgrade, Silver City, Murphy, and Callao. 

Most of the area is very flat and approximately 74 per cent of the 
district is covered with heavy timber and underbrush. About 21 
per cent of the area is under cultivation, 2 per cent is deadened timber 
land, and the remaining 3 per cent is occupied by deep sloughs, 
bayous, and lakes which can not be reclaimed. Some of these are 
apparently old river channels, while others are but shallow depres¬ 
sions connected by swales so shallow that they can scarcely be fol¬ 
lowed, except by noting the character of vegetation- rather than by 
any apparent depth of channel. They are very winding, branching 
out and reuniting to form a veritable network of obstructed water¬ 
courses. The banks of the two rivers and of the larger lakes and 
deeper bayous have an elevation several feet higher than the general 
level of the area, having been built up by the deposit of sediment 
after overflows. 

[Bull. 244] 


11 


There are but few roads crossing the district. These are very poor 
and during the wet seasons some of them become impassable. Teams 
get mired in the soft mud and much time and energy is wasted by 
drivers picking out new trails through the woods when the roads are 
in such bad condition. Cotton is hauled from the Sunflower River 
to Isola and Belzoni when the roads permit, but most commerce 
along that stream is carried on by steamboat. The lumber business 
is quite extensive, the Barr-Holliday, Interstate Cooperage, Castle- 
man, Belzoni, and Belgrade companies all operating large plants 
within the district. This industry is second to that of raising and 
marketing cotton, but much of the cotton handled at Belzoni and 
Isola is grown outside the limits of the drainage district. Land under 
cultivation is valued at $20 to $50 per acre and timbered land at $10 
to $20 per acre, depending upon the kind of timber and location of 
the land with reference to the towns. 

NATURAL DRAINAGE AND OUTLETS. 

The natural drainage of the entire Belzoni drainage district is veiy 
poor. All of the smaller existing channels are crooked, are more or 
less obstructed by fallen trees, logs, and a heavy growth of under¬ 
brush, lack good outlets, and are altogether entirely inadequate to 
remove the rainfall of this area. The interior of the district, being 
considerably lower than the land along the banks of the rivers and 
larger bayous, acts as a huge basin, holding much of the water which 
falls upon it, or which is backed in upon it from the rivers and remains 
there until taken up by the vegetation, or evaporated. Hence a 
large portion of the entire area remains saturated throughout the 
greater part of the year, and is entirely unfit for cultivation. The 
natural slope of the western four-fifths of the drainage district is 
toward the west and south. Jackson Bayou, Little Jackson Bayou, 
Cold Lake, and Buck Bayou form an indefinitely connected system 
of drainage with Ditchlow Bayou, which empties into the Sunflower 
River at Murphy. Beasley Bayou drains a part of Sunflower County 
and a part of the northwestern corner of the Belzoni district and has 
a good outlet into the Sunflower River near the Sunflower County 
line. The extreme southwestern portion of the district is partially 
drained by a system of sloughs and bayous which have outlet into 
the Sunflower River through a definite channel at the Sharkey County 
line. The eastern one-fifth part of the district is partially drained 
into the Yazoo River through a system of old channels composed of 
Sky Lake, Bear Creek, and Wasp Lake, and several smaller and inde¬ 
pendent bayous in the vicinity of Belzoni, having direct outlet into 
the river. Little Atchafalaya Bayou, which empties into the Yazoo 
River at the town of Belgrade, drains only a small tract of land in 
that vicinity, but the channel is very crooked, of varying depth, and 

[Bull. 244] 


12 


badly obstructed by underbrush and logs in some places, and is of 
little 'value. The overflow from Little Atchafalaya sometimes finds 
its way south from Belgrade into a great cypress pond in the south¬ 
eastern corner of the district, and occasionally goes even farther 
westward to the head of Gooden Lake, about halfway to the Sun¬ 
flower Liver, following a low, shallow, and ill-defined slough all the 
way. 

Two of the above-named natural channels, Ditchlow Bayou and 
Wasp Lake, would form very good outlets for practically the entire 
drainage district, except for the high stage of water in the Sunflower 
and Yazoo Livers during spring freshets. During such periods 
these two channels, together with Beasley Bayou, Little Atcha¬ 
falaya Bayou, and several smaller bayous, act as intakes rather 
than outlets and permit the high water from the river to reach and 
flood the interior of the district. Sometimes when the water has 
been very high in both rivers at the same time, it has been observed 
that muddy water backing in from the Yazoo through Little Atcha¬ 
falaya Bayou meets clear water backing in from the Sunflower 
through Ditchlow Bayou, the meeting point being at the head of 
Gooden Lake. During such periods the lowlands in the southeast 
corner of the district, a tract of about 6,000 acres in the northwest 
part of township 15 north, range 5 west, and an extensive area in the 
vicinity of Wasp Lake, become flooded to a depth of from 3 to 5 feet, 
while most of the remainder of the district is covered with water 
several inches deep. 

Both the Yazoo and Sunflower are subject to backwater from the 
Mississippi Liver, and the duration of blocked outlets at the mouths 
of Wasp Lake and Ditchlow Bayou depends almost entirely upon the 
high stage of water in the Mississippi at Vicksburg. The Sunflower 
Liver and its watershed lie wholly within the flat Delta country. It 
has a deep and well-defined channel, caused by overflows of the 
Mississippi in former years, and it has a comparatively uniform flow 
throughout the year. But the Yazoo has its headwaters in the hilly 
country of northern Mississippi and is subject to erratic fluctuations. 
Some spring freshets coming down the crooked channel of this stream 
rise above the banks and cause flooding of the lowlands away from 
the river. Sometimes these flood waters find their way from the 
Yazoo across to Bacons Bayou in Leflore County and from there down 
into Sky Lake and Bear Creek, reentering the river through Wasp 
Lake. Some of the water goes even farther over into Jackson Bayou 
and Dawson Lake, and from there over into the Sunflower through 
Beasley Bayou and other channels in Sunflower County. 

There is now a movement on foot in the Tallahatchie drainage 
district of northern Mississippi to divert the Coldwater Liver, one of 
the principal tributaries of the Yazoo Liver, into Horn Lake, thence 

[Bull. 244] 


13 


into the Mississippi, thus cutting off a great volume of water coming 
down from 1,000 square miles of hilly watershed and preventing it 
from ever reaching the Yazoo. When this plan is carried out, the 
flooding of Washington County, due to freshets coming down the 
Yazoo River, will cease, and there will then be only backwater from 
the Mississippi to contend with. It is also probable that the Mis¬ 
sissippi River levee, which now ends at a point 14 miles above 
Vicksburg, will be extended southward to the mouth of the Yazoo, and 
when this takes place the effect of backwater will be entirely elim¬ 
inated. With these two factors combined there should be no more 
backing of water onto the lowlands between the Yazoo and Sun¬ 
flower in the Belzoni district, and there would then always be a free 
outlet at the mouths of Ditchlow Bayou and Wasp Lake. 

SOILS AND CROPS. 

The soils of this district are evidently the same as those found in the 
land between the Yazoo and Big Sunflower Rivers, which are described 
in the report on the Soil Survey of the Yazoo Area, Miss. 1 They were 
all formed by the deposit of sediment brought down by the Mississippi 
River and by the Yazoo and Big Sunflower Rivers. The coarser 
particles were dropped along the river banks, where the velocity was 
first checked, and the finer particles were carried farther and deposited 
in the quiet waters away from the watercourses. This is the cause of 
the banks being high, sandy, and comparatively well drained, while 
the ground back of these is low, fine grained, and usually wet. The 
soil is Yazoo sandy loam on the tops of the ridges, and from this it 
grades through Yazoo loam and Yazoo clay to Sharkey clay in the 
lowest parts. Judging from its drab color and the amount of under¬ 
brush in the timber, the predominating soil type is probably Yazoo 
clay. 

The loams are friable and easy of cultivation save when too wet. 
The clays, however, must be worked while the degree of saturation 
remains within comparatively narrow limits, a condition which is 
seldom found in this region. If plowed when too wet, they resume 
their solid texture and the surface dries hard and compact; if plowed 
too dry, they are but broken into hard lumps and yield poor crops, 
but when the proper quantity of moisture is present these soils are 
easily worked and very productive. The sandy loam has been longest 
cultivated, both because it is above the more frequent inundations 
and is better drained, and because it is located along the watercourses 
that furnished the earliest means of communication. This soil and 
the loam yield good crops, the average of cotton being from \ to 1 
bale per acre, and of corn probably between 25 and 30 bushels per 

1 U. S. Dept. Agr., Advance Sheets from Field Operations of the Bureau of Soils, 1901, pp. 359-388. 

[Bull. 244] 






14 


acre. Only a small percentage of the cultivated land is in corn, and 
small patches of peas, beans, cabbages, potatoes, and other truck 
are raised in the gardens about the cabins of the field hands. The 
clay soils are richer in plant food, due to the nature of the material 
left by the floods and to the larger proportion of humus from the 
covering forests. Very little of these is cultivated because they are 
wet too great a part of the year. They are practically all in timber, 
which consists principally of gum, several varieties of oak, some ash, 
elm, and hickory, with cypress along the lakes and bayous. 

THE SURVEY. 

The survey was begun October 10, 1910, at Belzoni. The field 
party consisted of H. A. Kipp, drainage engineer, in charge; C. W. 
Okey, A. G. Hall, and R. D. Marsden, assistant engineers; 3 rodmen, 
5 axmen, a cook, and a teamster. Practically all of the field work 
was done from four camps, the first of which wms located at Belzoni, 
the second at Murphy, the third at Callao, and the last at Isola. By 
using teams, railroads, and lumber trams, half of the territory w 7 as 
surveyed from the camp at Belzoni. Base levels fully checked were 
run from Belzoni to Silver City on the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley 
Railroad; from Belzoni to the north county line on the Southern 
Railway; and from Belzoni to the Big Sunflower River on the north 
line of township 15. The levels w T ere tied to bench marks set by the 
United States Army engineers along the Big Sunflower River, and 
sea-level datum w T as thus obtained. Levels were run across the dis¬ 
trict on the east-and-west section lines, the ends being tied to a line 
of levels along the Sunflower and Yazoo Rivers at either end. Check 
levels w^ere run from Belzoni to Davison Lake along the Yazoo & Mis¬ 
sissippi Valley Railroad and elsewhere as occasion required, so that 
all work w T as checked within the allowable error for good w r ye-level 
work. All of the larger watercourses and many of the smaller ones 
were meandered by the compass needle and stadia method, levels being 
carried with the meanders, and sufficient cross-sections taken to deter¬ 
mine the size and capacity of the channels. Bench marks w r ere set 
approximately at section corners, on the bayou crossings, and at 
many other points. Most of the bench marks were made by cutting 
a notch in the root of a tree and driving in a copper rivet, the elevation 
being taken on the top of the rivet. A list giving the numbers, 
descriptions, and elevations of nearly all of these benches will be 
found in the appendix of this report. It will be understood that the 
section lines were followed merely for convenience, and only approxi¬ 
mately, a great many of the actual section corners not being found at 
ail. Bench marks are described with reference to what seemed to be 
the locations of these section lines and corners. Considerable diffi¬ 
culty was experienced in running many of the cross levels and mean- 

I Bull. 244] 


15 


tiers, due to the fact that the cane, vines, briers, and other tangled 
underbrush made progress very slow. At other times during the 
winter high water and ice on the sloughs and bayous in the woods 
caused great inconvenience. It was deemed advisable to include in 
the survey that part of Leflore and Yazoo Counties in townships 15 
and 16 east of the organized district to the Yazoo River, and all cross¬ 
level lines were therefore carried through to the Yazoo River. 

A base, or skeleton map, was prepared in camp, using the township 
plats of the LTiited States General Land Office for a guide, and upon 
this map were platted all the data secured by the field party. Later 
the arrangement for the proposed drainage system was determined 
from this completed map. About 300 miles of levels and 200 miles 
of meanders with levels were run, requiring a total of 80 working 
days. Nearly 115,000 acres were covered, at a cost of about 4 cents 
per acre. The cost of the field and office work in connection with 


the project is as follows: 

Field expenses paid by drainage investigations..$2,311 

Field expenses paid by drainage district. 2,000 

Total cost of field work. 4,311 

Cost of preliminary examination. 50 

Cost of office work, including report and maps. 1,339 

Total cost of project. 5, 700 


RAINFALL AND RUN-OFF. 

From an examination of the rainfall records at Greenville and 
Yazoo City, the two Weather Bureau stations nearest to the Belzoni 
drainage district, for the years from 1897 to 1910, inclusive, it is found 
that the greatest precipitation occurs in the winter and spring, or 
from December to May, inclusive. Only very rarely less than 2 
inches are recorded for any month during this period, the average 
being about 4.7 inches. The greatest monthly precipitation occurred 
at Yazoo City in May, 1909, when 19.2 inches were recorded. The 
greatest annual rainfall occurred in 1908, when 61.1 inches were 
recorded at Yazoo City and 59.4 inches at Greenville. The least 
annual rainfall occurred in 1904, when 37.3 inches were recorded 
at Yazoo City and 39.7 inches at Greenville. 

The greatest amount of damage due to overflows and lack of drain¬ 
age is done during the months of March, April, and May—the plant¬ 
ing season. At present only the higher lands which can be drained 
without the expenditure of much money are under cultivation, but 
should any attempt be made to cultivate the lower lands without an 
extensive system of drainage it would doubtless be found to be very 
difficult and unprofitable. Cotton would have to be replanted sev¬ 
eral times in the spring, and the gathering of the crop, which often 
lasts well into the winter, would become almost impossible on account 

[Bull. 244] 










16 


of the December overflows. Many instances are on record when 
excessive rains occurred during December and January, as shown 
in the rainfall tables on page 20. 

The run-off which will need to be provided for by the new drain¬ 
age system depends upon the rainfall during the wet season, and more 
particularly upon the excessive storms of from 24 to 72 hours’ dura¬ 
tion. The records show that an average of six times a year storms of 
2 inches or more precipitation occur. About half of them are recorded 
during the wet season, from December to May, when the ground is 
saturated and the effect of flooding is the worst. The other half 
occur during the dry season, when most of the rainfall is absorbed 
by the ground, taken up by the growing vegetation, or quickly 
evaporated, and no material damage is done. Measurements have 
been made by engineers of this office of flood discharges in certain 
completed drainage districts within the Delta in Coahoma County, 
in the upper part of the Sunflower River watershed. The surface 
conditions in this region, the Hopson Bayou and Fishing Bayou drain¬ 
age districts, are identical with those of the Belzoni district', only a 
much greater proportion of the land in that area is under cultivation 
than is found in Washington County. Although almost three- 
fourths of the Belzoni district is now covered with timber, which 
naturally tends to hold back the water from draining quickly into 
the low sloughs and bayous, it must be considered that this land will 
eventually become cleared and cultivated, as in the above-named 
districts, and a more rapid run-off will then take place than at present. 

The results of the observation on run-off in the Hopson Bayou 
drainage district during the month of April, 1911, when an unusually 
heavy precipitation occurred, show that nearly 1 inch depth of water 
covering the entire watershed above the gauging station was dis¬ 
charged in 24 hours, after a 12-liour storm, during which 7 inches of 
rainfall were recorded. No storms of like intensity have ever been 
recorded before or since that time, and it is not likely that such 
heavy precipitation in so short a time will occur again, excepting 
perhaps at very long intervals. After storms of over 2 inches and 
less than 3 inches, such as are tabulated below, it was found that the 
maximum run-off from this same area, and when the ground was 
thoroughly saturated by previous rains, varied between one-half and 
three-fourtlis of an inch per 24 hours. 

The following diagram, figure 1, clearly illustrates the relation 
between the rainfall and run-off in the Hopson Bayou drainage dis¬ 
trict during the month of April, 1911. The vertical black lines indi¬ 
cate the amount of rainfall in inches for each day and the shaded areas 
indicate the amount of run-off in inches depth per 24 hours over the 
entire drainage area above the gaging station. Attention is called 
to the date, April 4, when 7.05 inches of ram fell. For that partic- 

[Bull. 244] 


17 


ular day the diagram shows a run-off of 0.95 of an inch. For each 
following day up to April 13 the run-off decreased steadily and was 
not affected by the light rains of April 8 and 11. By April 13 the 
run-off had lowered to 0.2 of an inch, only to climb again to 0.68 of 
an inch on April 19, after a 2-day’s rainstorm, during which 2.88 
inches of rain fell. From this day to the end of the month the run¬ 
off decreased steadily, not being affected by the light rams of April 
24, 27, and 28, and lowering to less than 0.1 of an inch by the 1st 
of May. Previous to the time when the gagings for the above result 


/■ 

6 

/ 

5 


I 


15 


20 


25 


30 


I 


Run-off]n 24 hours 


Rainfall in 24hours 



Fig. 1.— Rainfall and run-off, Hopson Bayou drainage district, during April, 1911. 


were begun the ground was only slightly wet, owing to an unusually 
dry March, when only 2.89 inches rainfall were recorded. A large 
percentage of the heavy rain of April 4 must have been absorbed by 
the dry ground, causing a much lighter run-off than that which 
would have occurred had the ground been previously saturated. 
The diagram shows clearly that the relation of run-off to rainfall on 
April 4 is much out of proportion when compared to the correspond¬ 
ing relation on April 19, when the ground was thoroughly saturated 
and a 2.88-inch rain caused a 0.68-inch run-off. 

14859°—Bull. 244—12-3 























































































18 


In tlie following table the rainfall at Clarksdale (Hopson Bayou 
drainage district) during April, 1911, and the daily run-off coefficients 
are given: 


Rainfall and run-off at Clarksdale (Hopson Bayou drainage district), during April, 1911. 


Bate. 

Rain¬ 

fall. 

Run¬ 

off. 

Bate. 

Rain¬ 

fall. 

Run¬ 

off. 

Bate. 

Rain¬ 

fall. 

Run¬ 

off. 


Inches. 

Inch. 


Inches. 

Inch. 


Inches. 

Inches. 

Apr. 1. 


0.045 

Apr. 12. 


0.254 

Apr. 23. 


0.279 

2. 


.039 

13. 


.210 

24 . 

0.22 

. 197 

3. 


.318 

14. 

1.52 

.416 

25. 


.130 

4. 

7.05 

.952 

15. 

.86 

.512 

26 


.036 

5. 

.06 

.767 

16. 


.402 

27 

.36 

.085 

6. 


.700 

17..:. 


.279 

28 

.16 

.077 

7. 


.593 

18. 

.44 

.416 

29 


.061 

8. 

.68 

.472 

19. 

2. 44 

.682 

30... 


.053 

9.... 


.376 

20 


610 




10. 


.332 

21. 


.488 

Total . 

14.43 

10.500 

11. 

.64 

.304 

22. 


.365 





Per cent of run-off to rainfall, 72.7. 



Pig. 2.—Curve showing run-off to be provided for by drainage ditches of the Belzoni drainage district. 

The average total rainfall for the month of April for 7 years preced¬ 
ing 1911 was 4.89 inches, and for the month of March was 5.01 inches. 

The results given in the table compare favorably with those obtained 
in other drainage districts where soil and surface conditions are similar 
to those of the Belzoni district, and where storms of like intensity occur 
with about the same frequency. The main point of difference be¬ 
tween the Hopson Bayou district, upon which the above observations 
were made, and the Belzoni district is in the size of the drainage area. 
The former district contains only 14,800 acres, or about 23 square 
miles, while the latter contains over 100,000 acres, but it must be 
remembered that the Belzoni district is divided up into eight drainage 
units, varying in size from 3,343 acres to 26,627 acres. This fact 
again makes the conditions of the two districts similar, excepting 
in the case of the large main ditches, which will carry the water from 

LBull. 244] 

















































































































19 


more than one drainage unit. A table, based upon these com¬ 
bined observations, has been made and is represented by a curve, 
figure 2, which indicates the amount of water, expressed in inches of 
depth, over any size of watershed from 1 square mile to 110 square 
miles, which the ditch draining that watershed will be required to 
remove per 24 hours. It shows that the smallest ditches, which drain 
from 1 to 6 square miles of land, will be required to remove 1 inch of 
water over that area per 24 hours and that the largest ditch, which 
carries the drainage from 110 square miles, must remove 0.31 inch 
of water over that area per 24 hours, or 916 cubic feet per second. 
Intermediate ditches will carry proportional amounts, and are indi¬ 
cated by the curve. 

The following tables give the monthly and annual rainfall from 
1897-1911, inclusive, both at Greenville and Yazoo City, Miss. 

Rainfall at Greenville and Yazoo City, Miss., 1897-1911. 

GREENVILLE, MISS. 


Years. 

Jan. 

Feb. 

Mar. 

Apr. 

May. 

June. 

July. 

Aug. 

Sept. 

Oct. 

Nov. 

Dec. 

Year. 


In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

In. 

1897. 

4.50 

4.21 

11.37 

1.97 

1.51 

1.09 

4.43 

2.72 

0.02 

1.75 

3.67 

9.12 

46.36 

1898. 

8.38 

3. 05 

3.13 

4.18 

3.28 

2.40 

1.69 

7.95 

5.75 

6.03 

4.68 

1.66 

52.18 

1899. 

5. 38 

4.53 

5.44 

2.24 

4.67 

1.41 

2.11 

.83 

1.15 

1.09 

1.06 

4.22 

34.13 

1900. 

1.93 

5. 06 

5. 74 

6. 99 

3.94 

9.51 

0. 20 

1.00 

2.75 

4.88 

3.38 

3.46 

54.84 

1901. 

4.61 

3.82 

4.45 

3.17 

5. 68 

1.22 

2. 23 

2.52 

4.59 

.85 

3. 69 

4.92 

41.75 

1902. 

2.58 

3. 07 

7.89 

3.11 

4.57 

.97 

2.13 

1.31 

5.46 

2.48 

6. 64 

4.90 

45.17 

1903. 

5.04 

8.04 

5. 76 

1.12 

2.42 

2.07 

4.50 

5.34 

.38 

.50 

.27 

4.21 

39.65 

1904. 

2. 57 

1.23 

5.36 

3.58 

1.33 

8.82 

4.41 

1.72 

.04 

.16 

3.47 

9.26 

41.95 

1905. 

7.88 

4.26 

5.11 

8.04 

6.45 

5.91 

5. 20 

9.31 

2.44 

2.41 

3.49 

6.15 

66. 65 

1906. 

3.49 

1.43 

5. 44 

1.35 

6. 49 

1.43 

5.89 

2.24 

8. 80 

3.65 

8.76 

5.68 

54. 65 

1907. 

2.03 

3.66 

6.14 

5. 29 

7. 55 

1.58 

2. 27 

.58 

4.40 

3.24 

4.46 

4.79 

45.99 

1908 

4. 03 

11. 28 

4. 76 

4.13 

5. 63 

4. 54 

4. 61 

7.12 

2. 06 

. 14 

3 53 

6 71 

59 44 

1909. 

1.31 

6. 29 

5.03 

6. 56 

8.69 

4.00 

3.00 

.89 

4.35 

1.55 

1.85 

6. 49 

50.01 

1910. 

6.58 

4.48 

.20 

3.00 

6. 08 

5.77 

5. 26 

6. 22 

.02 

4.46 

.70 

4.67 

47.50 

1911. 

3.43 

5. 67 

3.21 

8.14 

1. 21 

3. 52 






















Average. 

4.31 

4. 67 

5. 27 

4.19 

4.63 

3.62 

3.85 

3.55 

3.01 

2.37 

3.54 

5.45 

48. 59 


YAZOO CITY, MISS. 


1897. 

4.43 

3. 79 

5.14 

2.11 

4.30 

3.14 

3.30 

3.52 

Trace 

1.60 

2.53 

11.22 

45.08 

1898. 

7.92 

2.12 

3.97 

3.60 

1.84 

6.64 

7.74 

5. 57 

7.92 

2. 95 

4.18 

2.08 

56. 53 

1899.. . 

8.36 

3.67 

7.44 

2.41 

3.91 

1.13 

5. 00 

2.69 

1.87 

.77 

1.18 

4. 75 

43.18 

1900. 

2. 40 

5. 23 

5.10 

9.85 

2. 65 

12.11 

7.57 

1.30 

1.75 

4.05 

2.85 

3.70 

58.56 

1901. 

6. 75 

3.97 

4.55 

4.02 

6.08 

'3.31 

2.40 

6.75 

3.55 

1.00 

2.20 

7.S5 

52. 43 

1902. 

2.65 

2. 42 

13.20 

3.25 

3.00 

.27 

3.54 

6.20 

5. 05 

1.C0 

3. 99 

4.07 

48.64 

1903. 

4.57 

12. 96 

3.58 

1.55 

1.55 

1.21 

1.75 

5.55 

1.75 

.55 

Trace 

2. 61 

37.63 

1904. 

2.57 

2. 25 

5.02 

2. 35 

2.65 

3.35 

7.25 

2.70 

Trace 

0 

3.40 

5.72 

37.26 

1905. 

4.60 

7.74 

5. 60 

7.28 

3.86 

5. 77 

3.80 

4.00 

1.07 

4.40 

4.71 

4.60 

57.43 

1906. 

4. 36 

1.08 

7.84 

2.82 

8.10 

1.65 

4.70 

3. OS 

7.56 

3.98 

3.30 

3.64 

52.11 

1907 

3. 76 

3. 68 

1.49 

5.08 

6.18 

2.66 

4. 37 

5.88 

4.22 

1.76 

4.51 

3. 76 

47.35 

1908. 

3.32 

8.30 

6.56 

6. 36 

7.90 

4.56 

5. 20 

7.50 

2.60 

.02 

2.52 

6.24 

61.08 

1909. 

.66 

8.91 

5.07 

6.26 

19.24 

4.38 

1.39 

3.18 

3. 74 

.80 

1.80 

2.96 

58.39 

1910. 

5.54 

5. 84 

.26 

3.27 

4.27 

5.88 

5. 25 

8. 92 

.44 

6.46 

3.08 

3.88 

53.09 

1911 

5.42 

4. 33 

2.14 

8. 70 

2. 24 

4.30 












Average. 

4.49 

5.09 

5.13 

4.59 

5.18 

4.02 

4.51 

4.77 

2. 96 

2.09 

2.87 

4.79 

50.62 


[Bull. 244] 
























































































20 


The larger storms occurring over a watershed are of more import¬ 
ance in the design of drainage improvements than average rainfall 
data. The following table, therefore, gives the amount of precipi¬ 
tation during such storms as occurred at Yazoo City during the 
years 1897-1911 and at Greenville, 1897-1908. 

Storms recorded at Yazoo City and Greenville, Miss., 1897-1911. 


YAZOO CITY. 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1897. 


Dec. 2. 

0.20 

3. 

3.67 

4. 

1.90 

18. 

.90 

19. 

1.38 

20. 

.03 

21. 

1.55 

22. 

.55 

1898. 


Jan. 13. 

.23 

14. 

. 55 

15. 

1.55 

19. 

2. 04 

20. 

1.33 

Apr. 23. 

2.20 

June 2. 

1.87 

3. 

.29 

July 9. 

1.90 

10. 

1.35 

Aug. 5. 

1.71 

6. 

.51 

10. 

2. 55 

Sept. 7. 

2.00 

8. 

.16 

20. 

.68 

21. 

1.95 

1899. 


Jan. 4. 

.11 

5. 

2.09 

6. 

2.32 

7. 

.34 

Mar. 12. 

.30 

13. 

1.30 

14. 

2.08 

15. 

1.66 

May 13. 

2.00 

1900. 


Mar. 19. 

2.00 

Apr. 16. 

1.30 

17. 

2. 70 

May 31. 

.80 

June 1. 

1.95 

2. 

1.90 

3. 

.20 

4. 

.90 

5. 

T. 

6. 

.50 

13. 

.05 

14. 

2.20 

16. 

.70 

18. 

.73 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1900. 


June 19. 

0.54 

20. 

.30 

21. 

.40 

22. 

.30 

23. 

.40 

1901. 


Jan. 10. 

.25 

11. 

4.40 

12. 

.85 

Mar. 3. 

2.00 

Apr. 17. 

1.25 

18. 

1.70 

19. 

.45 

May 25. 

2. 20 

June 6. 

.15 

7. 

2.10 

Aug. 13. 

1.65 

14. 

2.00 

15. 

.80 

16. 

.70 

Sept. 13. 

2.30 

14. 

.20 

15. 

.95 

16. 

.10 

Dec. 9. 

2.30 

28. 

1.30 

29. 

1.35 

1902. 


Mar. 27. 

3. 65 

28. 

4.40 

29. 

.95 

Apr. 7. 

2.90 

July 27. 

2.00 

30. 

.60 

Aug. 1. 

2.85 

2. 

.20 

3. 

.25 

29. 

2.80 

Nov. 25. 

2.00 

1903. 


Feb. 3. 

2. 40 

4. 

.25 

7. 

4.35 

8. 

.75 

11. 

1.10 

14. 

.45 

15. 

.07 

16. 

2.10 

17. 

.35 

Aug. 20. 

2.10 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 


1904. 



July 4. 

1.00 

Oct. 

5. 

.95 


12. 

2.00 


Dec. 24. 

1.10 

Nov 

25. 

T. 


26. 

.05 


27. 

3.17 


1905. 



Jan. 10. 

.75 

Jan. 

11. 

T. 


12. 

1.50 




Feb. 

Feb. 8. 

1.30 


9. 

1.04 

Aug. 

19. 

1.20 


20. 

1.50 




Sept 

Mar. 9. 

2. 30 


Apr. 25. 

2.00 


May 22. 

1.50 


23. 

.76 

Feb. 

June 26. 

.50 


27. 

1.10 


28. 

1.12 


Nov. 3. 

.20 


4. 

.82 

Mar. 

5. 

1.20 


6. 

1.15 


Dec. 13. 

.12 


14. 

1.66 


15. 

1.10 

Apr. 

1906. 



Jan.. 3. 

2.20 

May 

Mar. 19. 

3.80 


27. 

.18 


28. 

1.58 


29. 

1.36 


30. 

.14 




June 

May 4. 

1.90 


5. 

1.78 


6. 

.24 


7. 

1.58 

July 

July 28. 

.08 


29. 

.18 

Aug. 

30. 

2.16 


Sept. 25. 

.22 


26. 

.44 


27. 

.18 

Dec. 

28. 

4.80 


29. 

.10 


30. 

.58 


Oct. 1. 

.08 


2. 

.70 



19.. . 

20 .. . 
21 ... 


1907. 


31. 


30. 

1 . 

9. 

10 . 


1908. 

9... 

10 ... 

12 ... 

13.. . 

14.. . 

15.. . 


21 . 

22 . 

23. 

24. 


25. 

5. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 
19. 

9. 

10 . 

11 . 


30. 

1 . 

2 . 

3. 

5. 

6 . 

7. 

19. 

20 . 
21 . 
22 . 


Inches 

rain- 

fa!!. 


0.02 
2.00 
.86 


2.32 
.22 
T. 
.70 


1.62 

1.10 

.22 

2.52 

1.88 

1.62 

1.54 

.54 


1.10 
.40 
.08 

2.30 
.52 
.20 

.60 

.06 

1.20 

2.80 

1.20 

1.84 

1.02 

3.30 
1.04 

.34 

.22 

.94 

.32 

1.34 

.10 

1.24 

1.28 

1.08 

.96 

.10 
1.62 
3.14 
1.36 

.66 

2.20 


.20 

.50 

.90 

.90 


[Bull. 244] 

































































































































































































































21 


Storms recorded at Yazoo City and Greenville, Miss., 1897-1911 — Continued. 

YAZOO CITY—Continued. 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

\ 

Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1909. 


1909. 


1910. 


1911. 


Feb. 9. 

2.01 

May 18. 

0.16 

Feb. 17. 

2.90 

Feb. 9 

1.86 

10. 

.32 

19.... 

2.30 





20. 

.40 

Apr. 16_ 

2.22 

Mar. 26_ 

1.08 

13. 

.24 

25. 

3.30 

17 

.35 


14. 

. 10 

26. 

2. 30 


Apr. 4 

3.02 

15. 

1.93 

27. 

2.04 

July 31 

.25 

8 

.42 

16. 

. 15 

28. 

3.60 


9 

1 06 



29. 

.24 

Aug. 1. 

3.20 

11. 

1.08 

19. 

.92 

30. 

. 10 

5.... 

2.22 

12.... 

. 62 

22. 

1.00 

31. 

1.70 

7.. 

1.76 

19 . 

1.16 

23. 

.02 



10 . 

1.34 


24. 

1.92 

June 14. 

1.64 


June 20 

. 52 



15. 

.72 

Oct. 6. 

.06 

21.... 

.87 

Mar. 12. 

.34 



7. 

2.34 

22 . 

. 17 

13. 

1.70 

Sept. 21. 

3.02 

13. 

3.74 

23. 

.07 

14. 

1.40 





24.. . 

.36 

15. 

.20 

1910. 


1911. 


25. 

1.86 



Jan. 5. 

1.48 

Jan. 1. 

3.74 


Apr. 13. 

2. 24 

6. 

2.70 

2. 

.78 



GREENVILLE. 

1897. 


1900. 


1902. 


1905. 


July 19... 

2. 04 

May 16. 

1. 61 

Nov. 22. 

0. 08 

Jan. 29. 

2. 54 



17. 

2. 06 

23. 

.02 



Oct. 31. 

1. 53 



24. 

. 30 

Apr. 11. 

2. 03 

Nov. 1. 

1. 90 

30. 

. 32 

25. 

2.91 

12. 

. 37 



31. 

. 30 

26. 

.03 



Dpp. 2_ 

. 16 

Juue 1. 

.08 



25. 

2. 00 

3. 

2. 24 

2. 

. 01 

1903. 




4 

1. 20 

3. 

1. 29 

Jan. 1. 

.27 

May 7. 

2. 50 



4.. 

. 90 

2. 

1. 98 

8. 

. 32 

18... 

. 71 



3. 

.02 





26.... 

2. 07 



June 26. 

. 46 

19 

1. 70 

27.... 

. 54 

Feb. 7. 

1. 93 

27. 

1. 60 

20 

. 29 



8. 

. 19 

28. 

1. 04 

21.... 

. 56 

July 31. 

3.10 





22 

1. 23 



Mar. 8. 

.19 

July 24. 

1.42 


Opt. 26 

3. 21 

9. 

1. 00 

25. 

1. 10 

1898. 




10. 

1. 56 



Jan 19 

1. 89 

1901. 


11. 

.96 

Aug. 9. 

2.12 

20. 

1. 03 

Jan. 10 . 

.54 





22 

. 85 

11. 

2. 28 

July 11 . 

2.34 

14 . 

.98 

23 

.76 

12 . 

. 59 

12 . 

.24 

15. 

1.72 




13.... 

. 15 

16. 

. 14 

A pr 2 'A 

2. 36 

Mar. 9 . 

1. 09 



17 . 

.56 


10 . 

1. 57 

Aug. 9 . 

.06 




1 51 



10 . 

1. 33 

Aug. 18 . 

. 55 

* VLl fo* V . 

10 

1. 38 

May 25. 

2. 30 

11 . 

.31 

19 . 

1. 59 




13 . 

.04 



Sent 20 

10 

Sept. 12... 

1. 09 

14 . 

2. 36 

Dec. 13 . 

.21 

21 

2 40 

13... 

. 46 

15 . 

. 35 

14 . 

2. 35 

22 

.30 

14 . 

1. 55 



15 . 

1. 23 

~. 

15 . 

. 72 

1904. 




30 

1. 13 

17 . 

. 77 

June 4 . 

1. 12 

1906. 


Ort 1 

1 48 



5 . 

1.02 

Mar. 19 . 

2. 30 

V/ Vy 1/ • i . 

2 

. 12 

1902. 


6 . 

. 11 





Mar 27 

. 64 

7 . 

.45 

27 . 

. 10 


2 00 

28 

2. 32 

9 . 

1.02 

28 . 

.58 

10 

.92 

29.. 

1. 75 

10 . 

1. 84 

29 . 

1. 32 






30 . 

. 55 

1 CQO 


\r d v so 

2. 15 

22 . 

1. 27 

31 . 

.04 

Jcin 5 

1. 46 

31 . 

. 15 

23 . 

.62 




1.21 





May 3 . 

. Go 


Tillv 30 

. 33 

Dec. 24 . 

2. 27 

• 4 . 

1. 13 


2 36 

31 . 

1. 45 

25 . 

.06 

5 . 

1. 42 



A up 1 

. 61 

26. 

. 99 

6. 

1.08 


24 

A . 

2. . 

. 45 

27. 

5. 06 

7. 

1. 13 

14. 

3. 09 







1 5 

1. 10 

Oct. 3_ 

. 12 

1905. 


July 28. 

.31 


4 

1. 96 

Jan. 9. 

. 33 

29. 

1.99 


1 21 ! 


10. 

1. 51 

30. 

.04 

12 

. 04 

Nov. 4. 

.05 

11. 

. 19 



13. 

2.06 

5. 

2.31 

12. 

1. 77 

Sept. 25. 

.92 


[Bull. 244] 

























































































































































































































































22 


Storms recorded at Yazoo City and Greenville, Miss., 1897-1911 —Continued. 

GREENVILLE—Continued. 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1906. 


Sept. 26. 

1. 03 

27. 

.52 

28. 

3.48 

29. 

.17 

30. 

.28 

Oct. 1. 

.26 

2. 

. 18 

3. 

.03 

5. 

. 75 

6. 

1. 04 
• 

Nov. 17. 

.05 

18. 

3. 36 

19. 

. 34 

20. 

.75 

21. 

4.16 

9 9 

.02 

Dec. 15. 

. 11 

16. 

1.33 

17. 

1.69 

1907. 


Jan. 30. 

.42 

31. 

.61 

Feb. 1. 

1. 38 

9 

.58 

28. 

.80 

Mar. 1. 

1. 61 

2. 

. 54 

Apr. 17. 

.73 

18 . 

1.31 

May 6. 

. 11 

7. 

. 78 


I 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1907. 


May 8. 

1. 59 

Sept. 9. 

2. 47 

10. 

.24 

Oct. 8. 

2. 78 

1908. 


Jan. 11. 

1. 38 

12. 

.91 

Feb. 9. 

1. 01 

10. 

.96 

11. 

T. 

12. 

.43 

13. 

3. 14 

14. 

1. 76 

15. 

1.12 

Mar. 22. 

. 82 

23. 

2. 63 

24. 

.60 

Aug. 1. 

.20 

9 

.63 

3. 

.27 

4. 

T. 

5. 

2. 38 

6. 

.05 

8. 

T. 

9. 

1.00 

Dec. 6. 

2.10 

7. 

1. 58 

20. 

.15 

21. 

1.17 

29 

.98 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1909. 


Feb. 14. 

0. 67 

15. 

2. 09 

Apr. 13. 

2.11 

May 25. 

3.11 

26. 

.48 

27. 

.04 

28. 

.06 

29. 

.V 

30. 

.27 

31. 

1. 47 

Sept. 21. 

3. 52 

22_ 

.04 

23. 

. 72 

1910. 


Jan. 5. 

1.08 

6. 

2. 96 

7. 

. 14 

18. 

.15 

19. 

. 17 

20. 

1. 45 

21. 

. 55 

May 20. 

.52 

21. 

1.32 

22 

.27 

23. 

.51 

24. 

.05 

25. 

. 18 

31. 

2. 25 

June 28. 

.05 

29. 

.71 

30. 

.06 


Date. 

Inches 

rain¬ 

fall. 

1910. 


July 1. 

0. 02 

2 

. 74 

3. 

. 00 

4. 

1. 75 

5. 

. 50 

6. 

.24 

7. 

.02 

31. 

.05 

Aug. 1 . 

2. 39 

1911. 


Jan. 1. 

1. 48 

9 

.97 

Feb. 9. 

1. 83 

26. 

. 14 

27. 

2.60 

Mar. 26. 

1.90 

Apr. 4. 

2. 27 

11. 

1. 43 

18. 

.66 

19. 

1. 70 

June 19. 

.64 

20. 

. 11 

21. 

. 70 

22. 

. 17 

23. 

. 66 

24. 

. 05 

25. 

1. 13 


PLAN FOR DRAINAGE. 

For convenience, and also in accordance with the Belzoni drainage 
law, the drainage district as originally organized has been divided 
into eight different units, each one of which may be treated as a 
separate problem, independent of all the others. The boundaries of 
these units are generally the natural divides between the various 
areas under consideration, but a few of them are arbitrarily located 
along convenient lines and may be shifted at will if found convenient 
to do so. They are shown upon the map by dashed and crossed lines 
and each unit is designated by number, from No. 1 to No. 8. 

Two of these units, No. 1, lying to the north of Beasley Bayou in 
the northwest corner of the district, and No. 4, lying in the southeast 
corner of the district, can not be well drained through outlets within 
Washington County, and are therefore excluded from this discussion. 
Unit No. 1 slopes to the north and should properly be included in 
any scheme for drainage in the southwestern part of Sunflower 
County, and unit No. 4, which slopes to the south and drains partially 

[Bull. 244] 




















































































































































23 


into Silver Creek, should be included in any scheme for drainage in 
the northern part of Yazoo County. That part of Leflore County 
lying adjacent to the Choctaw boundary will receive some benefit 
from the drainage of unit No. 7, but can not be included for assess¬ 
ment under the present plan. Also that part of Sunflower County 
lying adjacent to unit No. 6, and particularly in the vicinity of Sky 
Lake, will receive a benefit from the drainage of that unit, but can 
not be included as a part of this scheme until the boundary of the 
original district is revised to include all lands out to the natural 
drainage boundaries and until the proper surveys are extended to 
cover that much more ground. 

A system of ditches lias been planned to relieve the remainder of 
the original district, including units Nos. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, of its 
surplus water just the same as though there were permanent and 
free outlets for each unit at all times, but it should be understood 
at the outset that all the land will not receive complete drainage at 
all times. As stated in the discussion of natural drainage conditions, 
the free outlets depend upon the stages of the Yazoo and Sunflower 
Rivers, and upon these outlets depend the amount of land which 
will receive permanent and effective drainage. This amount has 
been roughly determined by drawing high-water contours in the 
several parts of the district and assuming that all land lying higher 
than that contour for each unit will receive permanent and effective 
drainage at all times, and the remainder of the land will receive 
drainage only at such times as the main outlets are free. The 
area of land covered by extreme high water is considerably larger 
than the area covered by ordinary floods, and since extreme high 
water is of considerably shorter duration than ordinary high water, 
the overflow land has been classified into two parts, i. e., that which 
is flooded by average high water and that which is flooded only by 
extreme high water. 

The natural divide between the Sunflower and Yazoo Rivers runs 
almost due north and south and passes through a point 1 mile west 
of Belzoni. Therefore, all the lands lying to the west of this line 
are drained to the west and south and will have outlet in Ditchlow 
Bayou and two other bayous emptying into the Sunflower River, 
and all the remainder will be drained to the east and south into 
Wasp Lake and the Yazoo River. The rate of fall of most of the 
land varies between 1 and 2 feet per mile in the directions named, 
but there are a few places where the ground is perfectly level and 
others where there is a slope of 6 to 8 feet per mile. In designing 
the new drainage system the amount of water which each ditch 
will be recpiired to carry was first estimated, and then the size of 
the ditch was computed such as to carry that amount of water. 

[Bull. 244] 


24 


The well-known formula of Cliezy for flow in open channels was used 
in these calculations, as follows: 

Y =c-y/r s. 

velocity of flow in feet per second. 

coefficient of flow depending upon the condition of the channel and 
determined by Kutter’s formula in which the coefficient of rough¬ 
ness, “n,” =0.025. 

hydraulic radius = ~ 

area of cross section of channel, 
wetted perimeter. 

slope, or fall of water surface per unit of length. 

Q=A Y. 

In which Q=discliarge of ditch iu cubic feet per second. 

It was found that in order to use dredge boats in the construction 
of the ditches many of them will have to be made considerably" 
larger than necessary to carry the amount of water as computed by r 
the above formula. The minimum dredge ditch has been fixed at a 
14-foot bottom, 6 feet deep with side slopes of J to 1, which is the 
smallest ditch that can be excavated with a machine having an 
18-foot hull. All other dredge ditches have also been figured with 
side slopes of \ to 1. 

Each drainage unit has been designed with one or more main or 
trunk line ditches with laterals spaced 1 mile apart, the laterals 
being of sufficient depth to allow good outlets for field sublaterals. 
At places where the old bayou and lake channels are of sufficient 
size and depth, they will be cleared of timber, cleaned out and used 
in connection with the new system of ditches, but in most cases the 
shallow sloughs have been avoided and the ditches follow the lines 
of greatest fall. The average depth of cut in most all the ditches 
will be greater than the required depth of flow because the bottom 
grade was made to pass at a certain depth below the lowest surface 
elevations along the line of each ditch. In some cases, however, it 
was impossible to establish the bottom grade that low, and it will 
be necessary to deposit the spoil banks along certain short stretches 
of some of the new ditches so as to form levees which will confine the 
waters within the new channels during periods of flood flow. In 
such cases it becomes necessary to put in sluice gates to conduct the 
drainage of the low land under the levee into the ditch. 

The lateral ditches in most cases follow along section lines to avoid 
cutting up the land into irregular tracts, but there are a few placed 
where it was necessary to locate them in diagonal directions. All of 
the main ditches and 90 per cent of the laterals are designed to be 
constructed or improved by dredge, while the remainder, which are 
very short ones and drain only r small areas, can best be done by hand 

[Bull. 244] 


In which V= 
c— 


r— 

A= 

P= 

s— 



25 


labor. One ditch has been planned to be excavated by dynamite 
blasting as an experiment. If it is found that small ditches can be 
economically excavated by this method it will be of great benefit 
in the construction of the field or sublaterals when the land is cleared. 
The hand-dug ditches, like the dredge ditches, are to be made with 
side slopes of J to 1, and the one dynamite ditch has been figured with 
side slopes of 1 to 1. 

Those parts of units No. 2 and No. 5 which lie below the 120-foot 
contour line will act as a storage reservoir during periods of high 
water and excessive rainfall, and will hold the water brought down 
from units Nos. 2, 5, and 6 until the Sunflower recedes and allows the 
water to escape. This reservoir contains 5,700 acres, and its average 
depth when water is standing at the 120-foot level is 2.5 feet. Its 
capacity at that depth is 620,730,000 cubic feet, which is equivalent 
to 3 inches of rainfall over the entire 56,100 acres of watershed which 
drain into this reservoir. That part of unit No. 3 which lies below 
the 119-foot contour will act in the same manner for that unit. The 
average depth when the water stands at that level is about 2 feet, 
giving this reservoir a capacity of 46,173,000 cubic feet, which is 
equivalent to 3.5 rainfall on the 3,340 acres of watershed draining into 
this unit. In unit No. 4 there are approximately 9,550 acres below 
the 120-foot contour on which the water averages 3.1 feet deep when 
standing at that level. The capacity of this reservoir is 519,900,000 
cubic feet, which is equivalent to 9.1 inches rainfall on the 15,600 acres 
of watershed of that unit. Under the present plan, however, this 
reservoir is not available in connection with the reservoirs of units 
2, 3, and 5 owing to the lack of suitable outlet south into Sharkey 
County. Unit No. 2 is protected from the overflow of this reservoir 
by a continuous embankment along the south side of ditch No. 17, 
which will keep the water which collects in unit No. 4 from entering 
at the head of Gooden Lake. In unit No. 7 there are approximately 
4,780 acres which are below the 129-foot, or high water level, and when 
the water stands at this height the average depth is about 3.5 feet. 
This gives a reservoir capacity of 145,490,000 cubic feet, which is 
equivalent to 4 inches of rainfall over the 12,915 acres of watershed 
which drain into this unit. 

The accompanying table (fig. 6, p. 28) shows all the necessary data for 
the construction of each ditch, including the drainage area for each 
ditch and each part thereof, the bottom width, the grade or slope of 
the bottom, the average depth of cut, the elevations of all grade points, 
and the yardage of material to be removed. It also shows which of 
the present channels are to be used in the new drainage system, and 
between which stations on the old channels excavation and other 
improvement is necessary. The required capacity and the estimated 
amount of water which each ditch of given size will actually carry 
14859°—Bull. 244—12-4 



26 


have not been recorded, but in each case there is a safe margin, and 
there will be no flooding except in the cases previously described. 

MAP. 

The accompanying map (fig. 3) is complete in detail, showing the 
proposed division of the Belzoni drainage district into 8 units and the 
new system of drainage ditches for each unit. Towns, railroads, 
tramroads, wagon roads, ferries, and bridges are shown and the 
approximate dividing lines between cleared and timber lands, and the 
probable area of overflowed lands during extreme and average high- 
water periods are indicated. Each main ditch is designated by letter 
and each lateral by number, and all are station numbered from the 
outlet upstream. The map also shows the location of all present 
sloughs, bayous, and lakes, and the bottom elevations thereof, and 
the surface elevations at intervals of 600 feet or less along all east and 
west section lines and at numerous other points. The locations, 
numbers, and elevations of bench marks at all section corners and 
the bottom elevations of all new ditches at grade points and at places 
where old channels are to be deepened are also shown. 

PROFILES. 

4 

The accompanying profiles, figure 4, show the general surface ele¬ 
vations from east to west between the Yazoo and Sunflower Rivers 
on four different lines within the drainage district. The upper one 
is at the widest part of the district 3 miles south of the north line of 
Washington County and shows distinctly the dividing line between 
the east and west watersheds. It also shows the low area in unit 
No. 7 which is subject to overflow, the gradual slope of the land to 
the west from the east boundary of unit No. 6 to Ditch Main A, and 
the sudden rise from that point to the bank of the Sunflower River. 
The second profile shows the general elevation along the line between 
townships 15 and 16. Like the above profile, it shows the divide 
between units 5 and 8, the gradual slope to the west until Ditch 
Main A is reached, and again the sudden rise to the bank of the Sun¬ 
flower. The third profile shows the general elevation 3 miles north 
of the south line of Washington County at the narrowest part of the 
district. It shows that the slope to the west begins immediately at 
the Yazoo River and continues to the low overflow parts of units 5 
and 2 and again the sudden rise to the bank of the Sunflower. The 
bottom profile shows the general elevation extending from the Sun¬ 
flower eastward along the W ashington-Sharkey County line and fur¬ 
ther through Yazoo County to the Yazoo River. The very low 
ground in unit No. 4, which has no outlet within Washington County 
except through Little Atchafalaya Bayou and the low ground adja- 

[Bull. 244] 



BACONS 


WWW 

iUJ 


100*00 


Perkins 




NS 24 


Jaketowi 


Z r. ^ n ’ 

N v?s? X: 


Bellewoi 


'*^-* , 4k9 •*’ *> .-y" 


■N? 2 


Cultivated': 


S. Castleman 


/».« 


^CKS° 


boo26 




rj , ' «T^y 


j Cutti rated 


0*36/ 


Daybreak Plantation J 

J 


(3om 


,K-IO 
•12 1C 


iddle Callao 


Interstate! 


1*6*00: 

uu ( 


’ 1*1*00 


Rhodenwald 

ius '&^ •* 


DRAINAGE INVESTIGATIONS 


NS H 


.BtLORAPE UM6CI 


MAP OF 

THE BELZONl DRAINAGE DISTRICT 

WASHINGTON COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI 

SHOWING DIVISION OF THE DISTRICT INTO UNITS AND 
THE PROPOSED SYSTEM OF DITCHES AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS 

Prepared to Accompany a Report Upon the Plans for Draining 

UMts “S “ S “ B ~7' smi 8 


783*00 


Belgrade, 




The bas il 1 

I 5 


lIS WmDcrr B M 

into 


W*n 90 


nis» 


/nos 


H.A.KIPP, Drainage Engineer 

under the direction of 

C G-ELUOTT,CHIEF OF DRAINAGE INVESTIGATIONS 
Surveyed in 1910-1911 

SCALE OF MILES 


\ U6-t7 

* > 


m >6 


LEGEND 


Proposed Ditches. .. 

Channel Improvements 
Drainage Unit Boundaries 
County Lines . 


Approx. Timber L ines 
Surface devotions .. 
Bottom Elevations.. . 


. n*ooi 
o loacl 


Silver 
Ccity / 


Bottom Grade Elevations 


'-M-ae 

m.zr 


Township Lines. 
Section Lines 
County Bonds 


Ditch Numbers 


NOTE-AH areas ore wooded except os otherwise indicated. 


G F PQHLERS, Del 




Wish Socot^usm 


WASHINGTON, 0 C. 




















































































































































































































































































































































































27 

cent to the Sunflower River in unit No. 3, are distinctly visible in this 
profile. 

It is not considered necessary to include in this report the profiles 
upon which are based the estimates for earthwork. The surface 
elevations on the map show the lay of the ground along all east and 
west ditches, and the earthworks for diagonal and north and south 
ditches were approximated. 

HYDROGRAPHS. 

In order to determine approximately the length of time during 
winch the low ground in the various parts of the district may be 
flooded by backwater fror. the rivers it was necessary to determine 
during winch periods of the year the water surface in the Yazoo at 
the mouth of Wasp Lake and in the Sunflower at the mouth of 
Ditchlow Bayou remains too high to allow free outlet for drainage. 
There are no Government gauging stations on the Sunflower River, 
but on the Yazoo stations are maintained at Greenwood, Yazoo City, 
and Vicksburg. From the daily records kept by these stations a 
series of hydrographs, showing the daily stages of the Yazoo at each 
station over a period of eight years, were platted. The slope of the 
water surface between Greenwood, Yazoo City, and Vicksburg under 
various conditions was determined and then the river heights at the 
mouth of Wasp Lake and at the mouth of the Sunflower River were 
interpolated. From a series of actual observations on the water 
surface at both high and low water at the mouth of Ditchlow Bayou 
and other points on the Sunflower in Washington County the relative 
height under various conditions of the water at this place above the 
mouth of the Sunflower was determined and also platted on the 
hydrographs. The accompanying sheet, figure 5, shows the hydro¬ 
graphs thus constructed for the years 1907, 1908, 1909, and 1910. 
The periods during which there is no free outlet at the mouth of 
Wasp Lake are indicated by horizontal lines drawn at elevation 
125 and showing by shaded areas how long and how much the water 
's higher than that elevation. For the periods of no free outlet at 
the mouth of Ditchlow Bayou the horizontal lines and shaded areas 
are drawn at elevation 115 in the same manner as above. 

The hydrograph for 1907, a year of normal rainfall, shows that the 
Wasp Lake outlet was blocked three times for a total of 128 days 
and Ditchlow was blocked three times for a total of 105 days. In 
1908, a year of excessive rainfall, Wasp Lake was blocked 61 days in 
one stretch and Ditchlow was blocked 133 days in one stretch. In 
1909 Wasp Lake was blocked during two periods for a total of 101 
days and Ditchlow was blocked during two periods for a total of 90 
days. In 1910, a year of less than normal rainfall, neither the Yazoo 
nor the Sunflower rose sufficiently to block either Wasp Lake or 

[Bull. 244] 


28 


Ditchlow and there were free outlets throughout the year. The high 
water generally comes between January 1 and June 1 and is not 
dependent wholly upon the local rainfall, but upon the stage of the 
Mississippi at Vicksburg. This is shown very distinctly in the hydro¬ 
graph for 1908, when the Mississippi remained high over a long period, 
holding up the Yazoo and Sunflower Rivers at these outlets while the 
Yazoo at Greenwood was falling rapidly. 

In this connection it is the opinion of Asst. Engineer E. C. Tol- 
linger, of the Mississippi River Commission, sustained by Capt. 
J. A. Woodruff, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, at Vicks¬ 
burg, that the completion of the Mississippi River levee from Bruns¬ 
wick to Vicksburg would extend the natural high-water slope of the 
Big Sunflower and Yazoo Rivers about 26 miles downstream and 
would reduce the effect of the Mississippi River on the high water 
of these two rivers about 7.2 feet. The diagram of high and low 
water on the Yazoo and Sunflower Rivers on file in the office of the 
Mississippi River Commission confirms these conclusions. The hydro¬ 
graphs show that the greatest amount of blocking of the outlet at 
Ditchlow Bayou is only 7 feet, and since the records of the high- 
water slopes of these two rivers seem to indicate that this proposed 
extension of the Mississippi River levee would remove the effect of 
backwater of that river upon the Yazoo and Sunflower by 7.2 feet 
at Murphy and Belzoni, there will, after the completion of the levee, 
always be free outlet for drainage at Ditchlow Bayou. 

DK AIN AGS UNIT NO. 1. 

Owing to conditions as previously stated no plans were made for 
draining the lands in unit No. 1. Attention is here called to figure 6, 
a table showing ditch sizes and excavations proposed and which will 
be discussed in detail under the various drainage units. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 2. 

Ditch Main A, the trunk line for unit No. 2, is 11 \ miles long and 
extends from the mouth of Ditchlow Bayou generally northward along 
the lowest ground in this unit to the head of Martin Lake and drains 
a strip of country from 2J to 5 miles wide adjoining* the Sunflower 
River. The first 1J miles of this main follows along Ditchlow Bayou, 
thence it runs diagonally across sections 24 and 19 about 1 mile to 
Blue Lake, thence due north 4 miles through very low land which is 
sometimes flooded to a depth of 3 feet or more to a shallow bayou 2 
miles east of Callao. Following the northwesterly direction of this 
bayou the line of the ditch goes to the northwest corner of section 30, 
township 16 north, range 4 west, and from that point due north 1 
mile to Martin Lake, follows Martin Lake 1 mile, and thence up 
through a slough almost to Beasley Bayou. Ditch No. 1 has outlet 

[Bull. 244] 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Fig- 

6. 

U. S.DEP/ 

lRTMENT 

TABLE 

THE 

OF AGRI 

DRAI 
OF C 

BELZ 

WA 

CULTURE OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS 

NAGE INVESTIGATIONS 

HTCH SIZES AND EXCAVATION 

ONI DRAINAGE DISTRICT 

SHINGTON CO. MISS. 

DITCH - 

STATtO 

FROM 

N NO. 

TO 

DRAINAGE 

AREA 

ACRES 

TYPE 

OF 

DITCH 

BOTTOM 

WIDTH 

FT. 

SHADE 

FT PER 
MILE 

AVERAGE 

CUT 

FT 

LENGTH 

OF SECTION 
FT. 

EXCAVATION 
CU. YDS. 

DITCH 

STATION 

NO 

BOTTOM 

ELEVATION 

REMARKS 

MAIN A 

0+00 
39+00 
156+00 
270+80 
323+30 
384+00 
43/+50 
433+30 

89+00 
156tOO 
270+80 
323+30 
384+00 
431+50 
433+30 
625+00 

69,830 

59,700 

12.130 

9,710 

8.200 

6.680 

5400 

2220 

Dredge 

25 

16 

16 

16 

14 

14 

IS 

15 

1.5 

IS 

15 

1.5 

13.0 

7.9 

6.7 

31 

7.7 

74 

8&00 

6.700 

17480 

5,250 

6,070 

4.750 

6.180 

13,170 

107620 
67.ISO 
25£80 
36.420 
24.170 
29.990 

MAIN A 

0+00 

89+00 

156+00 

270+80 

323+30 

384+00 

431+50 

488+30 

106.0 

107.9 

II72 
/127 
/144 
115.8 
117.4 

Sta 0 to 89u 0itchior* 
Bayou 

Levee Sta £35 to 323 
5!u,ce 5 Sta 21 land£37 

Sta 493 to £50 is 

Martin Lake 

MAIN B 

O+OC 

65+00 

1,000 

Dredge 

14 

2.0 

4.4 

5.200 

13.730 

MAIN 8 

13+65 

65+00 

/ 16.0 
1/8.0 

Bayou. Outlet at 

Calloo 

N°l 

0+00 

65+00 

610 

Hand Labor 

3 

2.5 

4.7 

6.500 

6.040 

N° / 

0+00 

65+00 

1214 

1245 


NS 2 

0+00 

132+00 

1.350 

Dredge 

14 

20 

6.0 

13,200 

49.870 

NS 2 

0+00 

132+00 

1/79 

123.2 


NO 3 

0+00 

65+00 

660 

Hand Labor 

3 

30 

4.6 

6,500 ' 

5.870 

NS 3 

0+00 

65+00 

120.5 
124 2 


NS 4 

0+00 

62+50 

640 

Hand Labor 

3 

2,5 

43 

6.250 

5.120 

NS4 

0+00 

62+50 

1195 
122.5 


NOS 

0+00 

92+40 

840 

Dredge 

14 

2.0 

6.1 

9.240 

35.590 

NSS 

0+00 

92+40 

H68 

120.3 


NS 6 

0*00 

65+00 

840 

Hand Labor 

4 

30 

4.4 

3,750 

3.790 

NS 6 

27+50 

65+00 

118.8 

121.0 

Sta. 0 to 27 >50 follows 
bayOu 

NS 7 

0+00 

92+40 

I.JOO 

Dredge 

14 

2.5 

6.! 

9,240 

35.590 

mi 

0+00 

82+40 

92+40 

II 3.7 

lire 

120.0 

• 

NS a, 

1 

0*00 

92+40 

1.130 

Dredge 

14 

| 

6.1 

6.5 

9.240 | 

38.360 

NS 8 

0+00 

27+00 

92+40 

II 1.2 
1/72 
! 78 7 

Levee Sta 0 to 30 

NS 3 

0+00 

II2+00 

1!£+00 

140+00 

2.350 

230 

Dredge 

Hand Labor | 

14 

3 

2.0 

2.0 

5.0 

2.2 

-H 

10,200 

2800 

37150 

930 

N°9 

/ 0+00 
112+00 
1/2+00 
140+00 

1114 

115.2 

117.2 
118.1 

Sta Oto 22 ,& Cat Tat/ 
Bayou Sta 22 to 140 
is Blue Lake 

NS 10 

0+00 

52+80 

620 

Hand Laker 

3 

3.3 

5.6 

5280 

6.350 

NSIO 

0+00 

52+80 

1/5.2 

118.3 


NS U 

0+00 

30+00 

30+00 

82+80 

6 70 

6 70 

Han<J Labor 
Hand Labor 1 

4 

3 

1.7 

3.4 

- -r 

75 

4.7 

2.500 1 
£280 

660 

4.9/0 

NS H 

0+00 

30+00 

82+80 

115.2 

116.2 
119.6 

Sta. 0 to 30 follows 

Eagle Lake 

MAIN C 

0 + 00 
27+00 
189+30 

27+00 

189+30 

225+00 

4.340 

3.190 

640 

Dredge 

14 

14 

73 

8.0 

7.7 

6 0 

2,700 

13,930 

3.570 

70.890 

13.500 

MAIN C 

27+00 

189+30 

225+00 

1080 

114.2 

1/9.7 

Sta 0 to 83 follows 
old slough 

NS 12 

0+00 

65+00 

1,000 

Dredge 

14 

3.0 

1.4 

7700 

1,300 

NS!2 

0+00 

17+00 

108.0 
/ 09.0 

Follows old slough 

MAIN D 

0+00 

30+00 

1/6+00 

247+50 

535+00 

30+00 

1/6*00 

247+50 

535+00 

610+00 

46,150 

40.970 

30.790 

25.000 

1.000 

Dredge 

Dredge 

26 

30 

25 

14 

1.5 

15 

75 

1.5 

7.5 

43 

59 

2.3 

3.000 

8.600 

10500 

28.750 

5.500 

26.460 

44,020 

64.130 

7,090 

1 

MAIN D i 

0+00 

30+00 

II6+Q0 

247+50 

535+00 

590+00 

1080 

1089 

1173 

115.0 

1240 

125.6 

Sta 30 to 89 follows 

Buck Bayou. Sta 220 to 

500 is Cold Lake. Sta 

500 to 810 follows bayou 
Levee 105to 200 Sluices 

Sta 117, 143 and ISO 

MAIN £ 

0+00 

62+00 

111+70 

260+00 

62+00 
111 + 70 
260+00 
399+00 

9.400 
7.8 iO 
3.500 
1,950 

Dredge 

16 

16 

14 

14 

1.5 

IS 

73 

78 

6.3 

78 

6.3 

6.4 

6200 
4.970 
14.830 
13.900 

27,700 

28570 

59.320 

56.680 

MAIN E 

0+00 

62+00 

H 1+70 
260+00 
399+00 j 

H2.2 

H 4.0 
115.4 
1/9.0 
123.7 

5ta 82 to 99 is Brushy 
Lake. Levee Sta. Q to 

SO and Sta. 170 to 275. 
Sluices at Sta 25. 

100. 215 and 242 

NS 13 

o+oo 

35+00 

35+00 

83+00 

1.030 

7000 

Dredge 

V 

14 

14 

0.0 

1.5 

3.8 

38 

3,500 

4800 

18.560 

NS 13 

0+00 

35+00 

83+00 

114.0 
1140 
/ 15.4 

Sta 0 to 50 follows 
old slough 

NS 14 

0*00 

196+50 

196+50 

337+30 

3.990 

7840 

Dredge 

»> 

14 

14 

10 

24 

6.2 

63 

18.650 

15.140 

73,220 

60.560 

NS/4 

0*00 

196+50 

337*90 

/ 15.4 
119.1 
1255 

Levee Sta J50 tc 200 
Sluice Sta 180 

NS IS 

0+00 

46*00 

120+00 

276+60 

395+00 

46 + 00 
120+00 
276+60 
395+00 
426+70 

5.140 

5.000 

3640 

1.790 

850 

Dredge 

I* 

V 

Hand Labor 

!4 

14 

14 

14 

4 

7.5 

15 

78 

1.8 

0.0 

7.1 

100 

9.4 

5.5 
2.9 

4.600 

7,400 

15660 

17840 

3,170 

21.210 

52,075 

101.960 

40.390 

I860 

NS/5 

0+00 

46+00 

120+00 

276+60 

381+70 

426+70 

109.7 

mi 

113.2 

118.6 

1222 

1222 

Levee Sta. 230 to 315 

Sluices Sta 240end 276 

NS 16 

0+00 

208+00 

271+00 

347+00 

208+00 

271+00 

347+00 

465+00 

7.500 

3.060 

3.000 

1.700 

Dredge 

i) 

14 

14 

14 

I.S 

75 

IS 

8.0 

39 

2.2 

20800 

6,300 

7.600 

11300 

33.600 

17.510 

14.510 

NS 16 

0+00 

208+00 

271+00 

347+00 

465+00 

1/72 
119.0 
121 1 
1245 

Sta 0 to 66 is Difchlow 
Bayou. Sta 66 to 208 
is Gooden Lake. Sta 

27! to 465 follows old 
slough along tram R.R. 

NS 17 

0+00 

123+70 

123+70 

280+70 

2,340 

7550 

Dredge 

*> 

14 

14 

72 

70 

5.1 

5.0 

9.870 

5.700 

30.850 

17,420 

N°!7 

0+00 ' 
/ 23+70 
228+70 
280+70 

113.9 

II 6.7 

II8 .7 
121.1 

Levee Sta 165 to 250 

NS 18 

0+00 

107+20 

1,160 

Dynamite 

2 

4.4 

4.6 

8.520 

3590 

NS 18 

22+00 

94+00 

107+20 

uz.o 
118 0 

12 78 

Sta. 0 to 22 is duck 
Bayou 

NS IS 

0+00 

33+00 

300 

Hand Labor 

3 

2.0 

3.8 

1.7 00 

1.170 

NS/9 

16+00 

33+00 

121.3 

1220 

Sta 0 to 16 follows old 

slough 

NS 20 

0+00 

13+00 

127+00 

13+00 

127+00 

187+00 

3150 

3.150 

640 

Dredge 

Hand Labor 

14 

3 

2.0 

2.0 

6 0 

4.6 

7300 

II400 
4.940 

4900 

4460 

NS 20 

0+00 

13+00 

127+00 

187+00 

1208 

1213 

125.0 

1272 

Sta 13 to 137 follows 
bayou 

N921 

0+00 

/ 15+00 

7220 

Dredge 

14 

12 

6.9 

10.500 

46.820 

N?2! 

0+00 

115+00 

12 78 
1244 


N922 

0+00 

27+00 

79+80 

27+00 

7 9+80 
185+40 

7700 

1.700 

920 

Dredge 

14 

14 

14 

72 

72 

1.2 

7.0 

6.8 

6.6 

2,700 

5.280 

10,560 

12.250 

23,135 

44.625 

NS 22 

0+00 

27+00 

185+40 

H8.8 

1270 

1246 


MAIN £ 

0+00 

162+50 

205+00 

272+50 

162+50 

205+00 

272+50 

537+00 

17.970 

15880 

11,670 

8.320 

Dredge 

25 

25 

22 

1.0 

70 

1.0 

76 

44 

38 

2,750 

4250 

5.000 

26.450 

4.210 

18.840 

16.810 

MAIN F 

135+00 

162+50 

205+00 

231+00 

255+00 

1205 

121.0 

1218 

1224 

1228 

Sta. 0 to 272+50 is 

Little Jackson Bayou 

Sta 272+50to 537 is 
Jackson Bayou 

NS23 

0+00 

124+00 

2.870 


- 

- 

- 

12.400 

- 

NS 23 

0+00 

- 

Jackson Bayou 

N° 24 

0+00 

80+00 

690 

Hand Labor 

3 

25 

4.3 

8.000 

6.550 

NS 24 

3+00 

80+00 

1250 

1286 


NS 25 

0+00 

45+00 

2.570 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4.500 

- 

NS 25 

0+00 

*" 

Slough 

NS 26 

0+00 

73+70 

870 

Dredge 

14 

1.5 

6.8 

6,170 

27.030 

NS 26 

0+00 

73+70 

123.4 

1255 

Sta 0 to II follows old 
slough 

NS27 

0+00 

48+40 

570 

Hand Labor 

3 

2.0 

46 

4.840 

4.370 

NS27 

0+00 

48+40 

1278 
129 6 


N928 

0+00 

100+30 

100+30 

162+00 

1920 

7000 

Dredge 

n 

14 

14 

70 

75 

6.5 

5.1 

10.030 

6.170 

47640 

19290 

NS2S 

0+00 

100+30 

162+00 

123.5 

1254 

1272 


NO 23 

0+00 

56+00 

58+00 

178+80 

2.180 

1.200 

Dredge 

14 

14 

12 

12 

05 

56 

5.800 

12,060 

7520 

42,100 

NS29 

0+00 

58+00 

178+80 

123.3 
1246 

127.3 

Sta Oto 56 follows dd 
slough 

yV '° 30 

0+00 

45+00 

300 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4500 

- 

N*30 

30+00 

*" 

Slough 

NS3I 

0+00 

m+OO 

m+oo 

361+00 

4,480 

2,240 

Dredge 

14 

14 

10 

1.5 

7.4 

6.2 

I7.IOO 

19,000 

82.950 

74.590 

NS 3! 

O+OO 

m+oo 

361+00 

1160 
/ 19.2 

1246 


MAIN G 

0+00 

345+00 

345+00 

525*00 

19.000 

6000 

Dredge 

14 

IS 

4.8 

34.500 

7,500 

27.860 

MAIN G 

360+00 

435+00 

113.3 

115.4 

Wasp Lake, Sky Lake, 
ond Sky Lake Bayou 

N932 

0+00 

66+ 80 

9,000 

Dredge 

14 

2.0 

6.4 

5.000 

20.390 

NS 32 

0+00 

66+80 

I24S 

1270 


NS 33 

o+oo 

85+80 

1,080 

Dredge 

14 

20 

7.3 

8.580 

40.930 

NS 33 

0+00 

85+80 

123.8 

1270 


NO 34 

0+00 

75+00 

740 

Hand Labor 

3 

44 

44 

7.500 

6,360 

NS34 

o+oo 

75+00 

1160 

1242 


NS3S 

0+00 

82+80 

950 

Dredge 

14 

20 

74 

8.280 

40.1 70 

N935 

0+00 

82+80 

122.4 

125.5 


NS36 

0+00 

115+00 

1.240 

Dredge 

14 

2.5 

65 

11,500 

47,750 

NS36 

0+00 

115+00 

120.2 

125.6 


NS37 

0+00 

74+40 

1,240 

D+edge 

14 

2.0 

94 

7.440 

48440 

NS 37 

0+00 

74+40 

1200 

122.8 


MAIN H 

0+00 

75+00 

75+00 

236+00 

4.500 

3,600 

Dredge 

*» 

14 

14 

75 

75 

74 

66 

3.200 

16.100 

2,440 

68.040 

MAIN // 

43+00 

75+00 

161+30 

236+00 

119.2 

120.0 

122.4 

124.7 

Sta. 0 to 75 folio** 
old bayou 

N938 

0+00 

76+90 

720 

Dredge 

14 

2.0 

6.1 

7.690 

29.620 

Ns 33 

0+00 

76+90 

1278 

1247 


MAIN / 

o+oo 

120+00 

2130 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12.000 

- 

MAIN 1 

0+00 

- 

5lov<fh 

MAIN J 

0+00 

55+00 

740 

| Hand Labor 

3 

3.0 

ZO 

2.000 

590 

MAIN J 

35+00 

55+00 

1223 

123.4 

Bayou 


WEBB & HOCORSI LSKI INC W»5HINaT(>N, O. C 






































































































































































































































































































* 



• » 




























































































































29 


into Main A in Martin Lake at the northwest corner of section 18, 
township 16 north, range 4 west, and extends 1| miles due east to 
the east boundary of unit No. 2. Ditch No. 2 has outlet into Main A 
at the northeast corner of section 24, township 16 north, range 5 west, 
and extends 2J miles due west, the last mile running parallel with and 
about one-fourtli mile south of Beasley Bayou. Ditch No. 3 has outlet 
into Main A at the northwest corner of section 19, township 16 north, 
range 4 west, and extends 1J miles due east to the east boundary of 
unit No. 2. Ditch No. 5 has outlet into Main A at the northwest 
corner of section 30, township 16 north, range 4 west, and extends 
due east If miles to the east boundary of unit No. 2. Ditch No. 6 
has outlet into Main A through a shallow bayou in the southwest 
part of section 30, township 16 north, range 4 west. It follows the 
bayou westward a distance of one-half mile, thence due west along the 
north line of section 36, township 16 north, range 5 west, to the edge of 
the high cultivated land bordering on the Sunflower River. Ditch No. 
7 has its outlet into Main A near the south quarter corner of section 31, 
township 16 north, range 4 west, and extends If miles duo west to 
the edge of cultivated land along the Sunflower River. Ditch No. 8 
has outlet into Main A near the south quarter corner of section 6, 
township 15 north, range 4 west, and extends If miles due west to 
the edge of cultivated land along the Sunflower River. 

Ditch Main B follows an old bayou which has outlet into the Sun¬ 
flower through a deep gully at Callao, and is supplemented by one 
short lateral, No. 4, which extends from the main 1| miles west along 
the north line of section 26, township 16 north, range 5 west. These 
two ditches will give good drainage to 1,000 acres of land in that 
vicinity, extreme high water in the Sunflower River not blocking this 
outlet sufficiently to cause am^ damage. 

Ditch No. 9 has outlet into Ditcldow Bayou three-fourths of a mile 
from its mouth into the Sunflower River. It extends up Cat Tail Bayou 
one-half mile to the fork of several branches, thence northward along 
the eastern branch a distance of about 2 miles, ending near the middle 
of section 12, township 15 north, range 5 west. Ditch No. 10 has 
outlet into ditch No. 9 near the north quarter corner of section 13, 
township 15 north, range 5 west, and extends 1 mile due west to the 
edge of cultivated ground along the Sunflower River. Ditch No. 11 
has outlet into ditch No. 9 at the head of Cat Tail Bayou and extends 
northward along a shallow slough and into Eagle Lake to the north 
line of section 24, township 16 north, range 5 west, thence due west 
1 mile farther to the edge of the high cultivated ground along the 
Sunflower River. 

The headwaters of Beasley Bayou being diverted into Cold Lake 
and Martin Lake, this old channel will need no improvement and 

[Bull. 244] 


30 


will in its present condition remove all the water which falls upon 
its narrow watershed. 

There are about 2,150 acres in the southeast part of this unit which 
he below the 120-foot contour line and which may be subject to over¬ 
flow to an average depth of 2.5 to 3 feet during periods of extreme 
high water. One thousand two hundred and twenty acres of this tract 
are below the 117-foot contour and are subject to overflow to a depth 
of a few inches to 1 foot during periods of average high water. The 
estimate for the work in this unit follows. 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 2. 


Main A.—Cleaning out Ditchlow Bayou, stations 0 to 89, 89 stations, 100 

feet wide, at $4.50 per station. $400. 50 

Clearing 150 feet right of way, stations 89 to 156, 67 stations, at $9 

per station. 603. 00 

Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 156 to 493+30, 337.3 sta¬ 
tions, at $6 per station. 2,023. 80 

Excavation by dredge, stations 89 to 493+30, 284,660 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 22, 772. 80 

Cleaning out Martin Lake, stations 590 to 625, 35 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. 157. 50 

2 sluices at stations 211 and 237, at $40 each. 80. 00 

Main B.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 20 to 65, 45 stations, at $6 

per station. 270. 00 

Excavation by dredge, stations 13 to 65, 13,730 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 1, 098. 40 

No. 1.—Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 65, 6,040 cubic yards, at 25 

cents per cubic yard. 1, 510. 00 

2.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 75, 75 stations, at $6 per 

station..•. 450.00 

2. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 132+00, 49,870 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 3, 989. 60 

3. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 65, 5,870 cubic yards, at 25 

cents per cubic yard. 1,467. 50 

4. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 62+50, 5,120 cubic yards, 

at 25 cents per cubic yard. 1, 280. 00 

5. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 92+40, 92.4 stations, at 

$6 per station. 554. 40 

5. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 92+40, 35,590 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 2, 847. 20 

6. —Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 27+50, 27.5 stations, 50 feet 

wide, at $2.25 per station. 61. 90 

6. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 27+50 to 65+00, 3,790 cubic 

yards, at 25 cents per cubic yard. 947. 50 

7. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 92+40, 92.4 stations, at 

$6 per station. 554.40 

7. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 92+40, 35,590 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 2,847. 20 

8. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 92+40, 92.4 stations, at 

$6 per station. 554. 40 

8.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 92+40, 38,360 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 3,068. 80 

[Bull. 244] 























31 


No. 9.—Cleaning out Cat Tail Bayou, stations 0 to 10, 10 stations, 50 feet 

wide, at $2.25 per station. $22. 50 

9.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 10 to 112, 102 stations, at $6 

per station. 612. 00 

9.—Excavation by dredge, stations 10 to 112, 31,150 cubic yards, at 8 

cents per cubic yard. 2,492. 00 

9.—Excavation by hand labor, stations 112 to 140, 930 cubic yards, at 25 

cents per cubic yard. 232.50 

10. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 52+80, 6,350 cubic yards, at 

25 cents per cubic yard. 1,587.50 

11. —Cleaning out Eagle Lake, stations 0 to 30, 30 stations, 50 feet wide, 

at $2.25 per station. 67. 50 

11.—Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 82+80, 5,570 cubic yards, 

at 25 cents per cubic yard. 1, 392. 50 

Engineering and legal expenses, 10 per cent. 5, 394. 50 


Total. 59,339.90 


16,726 acres receive 100 per cent benefit at cost of $3.34+ per acre. 55, 912. 00 

930 acres receive 67 per cent benefit at cost of $2.24 per acre. 2, 082. 20 

1,220 acres receive 33 per cent benefit at cost of $1.10+ per acre. 1, 345. 70 


Total. 59,339.90 

Average cost per acre in unit No. 2, $3.14+. 


It is assumed that all the land lying above the 120-foot contour 
will receive a maximum or 100 per cent benefit because it will never 
be overflowed. That land which is flooded only during periods of 
extreme high water and lying between the 117-foot and 120-foot con¬ 
tours it is assumed will receive only two-thirds as much benefit as that 
receiving permanent drainage, while all the remainder of the overflow 
land which floods at ordinary high water will receive only one-third as 
much benefit as the former. This percentage of benefit is only a 
rough approximation, and it may be found that the actual proportion 
of benefits will vary somewhat from the ratio of 1, 2, and 3. This 
applies equally as well to units 3, 5, and 7, where the cost has been' 
divided in a similar manner. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 3. 

Ditch Main C follows along the south branch of Twin Lake Bayou, 
a distance of 1J miles from its mouth in the Sunflower River to the 
southeast corner of section 36, township 15 north, range 5 west, thence 
the ditch goes due east along the line between Washington and 
Sharkey Counties to the old Delta Southern Railway right-of-way 
clearing. One-quarter of a mile east of this point there is a sudden 
drop of the surface elevation into unit No. 4. All of the excavated 
material from this ditch should be deposited in a continuous bank on 
the south side to prevent any water from entering it from the Sharkey 
County side. Ditch No. 12 is another branch of Twin Lake Bayou, 

[Bull. 244] 



















32 


and needs only to be deepened a short distance from its outlet into 
Main C upstream. 

The estimate for the cost of this unit follows: 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 3. 


Main C.—Cleaning out bayou, stations 0 to 89, 89 stations, 100 feet wide, at 

$4.50 per station.*. $400. 50 

Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 89 to 225, 136 stations, at 

$6 per station. 816. 00 

Excavation by dredge, stations 27 to 225+00, 84,390 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 6, 751. 20 

No. 12.—Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 65, 65 stations, 50 feet wide, 

at $2.25 per station. 146. 25 

Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 17,1,300 cubic yards, at 8 cents 

per cubic yard. 104. 00 

Engineering and legal expenses, 10 per cent. 821. 80 


Total. 9,039.75 


2,283 acres receive 100 per cent benefit at cost of $3.02+ per acre. 6, 902. 90 

1, 060 acres receive 67 per cent benefit at cost of $2.01+ per acre. 2,136. 85 


Total. 9, 039. 75 

Average cost per acre in unit No. 3, $2.75. 


In the above division of costs it is assumed that all land lying above 
the 119-foot contour will receive permanent drainage or 100 per cent 
benefit, and that the land lying below the 119-foot contour, which is 
flooded only during periods cf extreme high water, will receive two- 
thirds or 67 per cent benefit. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 4. 

Owing to conditions previously mentioned, no plans were made for 
draining the lands in unit No. 4. 

DRAINAGE TJNIT NO. 5. 

Ditches Main D and Main E are the trunk lines of unit No. 5 and 
receive 90 per cent of the drainage from units Nos. 6 and 5, Main D 
being the only ditch passing through more than one unit. Main D 
has its outlet in Main A at Blue Lake, goes one-half mile east to 
Buck Bayou, thence follows Buck Bayou northward 1 mile, thence 
continues northward 2 miles farther through the same low area which 
is subject to overflow and described in unit No. 2, and enters the south 
end of Cold Lake in section 32, township 16 north, range 4 west. At 
the lower end of this main where it enters Buck Bayou on the north 
line of section 20 the spoil bank should be deposited on the south 
side only, in order to divert the water coming down Buck Bayou to 
follow the new ditch and prevent it frofti continuing southward down the 
old channel and spreading out upon the low ground in sections 19 
and 20. Also from station 105 to station 200, where the ditch crosses 

[Bull. 244] 
















33 


the low area mentioned above, the spoil banks should be deposited as 
levees. The upper end of Main D will be described under unit No. 6. 

Main E has its outlet into Main D in the center of section 8, town¬ 
ship 15 north, range 4 west, extends 1 mile due east to the west end 
of Brushy Lake, thence two-thirds of a mile up Brushy Lake to the 
north | corner of section 10, thence due east a distance of 5^ miles 
to the east border of unit No. 5. From station 170 to 275 the spoil 
banks should be deposited as levees, except where the ditch crosses 
Buck Bayou on the north line of section 11 and the shallow swale on 
the north line of section 12. At these two points the north banks 
should be left open and all the excavated material deposited on the 
south side. 

Ditch No. 13 has its outlet into the west end of Brushy Lake, fol¬ 
lows an old slough northward a distance of 1 mile along the east edge 
of the lowland which is subject to overflow, and ends at the Inter¬ 
state Cooperage tram at the north \ corner of section 4, township 
15 north, range 4 west. 

Ditch No. 14 has its outlet into Main E at the north I corner of 
section 10, township 15 north, range 4 west, goes 1 mile due north 
to the Interstate Cooperage tram, thence due east a distance of 5J 
miles to the east boundary of unit No. 5. Where this ditch crosses 
Buck Bayou on the north line of section 2 the spoil bank should be 
left open on the north side and all the excavated material deposited 
on the south side. From station 150 to 200 the spoil banks should 
be deposited as levees except where the ditch crosses the shallow 
slough on the north line of sections 1 and 6. Here the excavated 
material should be deposited on the south side only. 

Ditch No. 15 is 8 miles long. Its outlet is in Main D where that 
main turns up Buck Bayou from the north line of section 20, town¬ 
ship 15 north, range 4 west. From this point it extends east 1 mile, 
thence diagonally across section 16 to the northwest corner of section 
15, thence due east a distance of 6 miles to the east boundary of 
unit No. 5. From station 230 to 315 the spoil banks should be depos¬ 
ited as levees. In the northeast corner of section 16, township 15 
north, range 4 west, where the ditch crosses a small bayou, the exca¬ 
vated material should be deposited on the south side only. 

Ditch No. 16 follows along Ditchlow Bayou and Gooden Lake from 
the point where Main A leaves Ditchlow to the bridge over the east 
end of Gooden Lake, and there will be no excavation between these 
two points. From the bridge the ditch extends in a northeasterly 
direction across sections 21 and 22 a distance of 1 mile, thence follows 
a bayou eastward along the Belgrade Lumber Co. tram a distance 
of 3J miles to the east boundary of the unit. 

[Bull. 244] 


34 


Ditch No. 17 has its outlet into the east end of Gooden Lake and 
extends due east a distance of miles along the south boundary of 
unit No. 5. From station 0 to 35 all the excavated material should 
be deposited on the south side of the ditch, forming a levee to prevent 
water from unit No. 4 from entering the ditch. From station 165 
to 260 the spoil banks should be deposited as levees on both sides. 

Ditch No. 18 follows along Buck Bayou from its outlet into Ditchlow 
Bayou one-half mile, thence turns and extends due east about 2 miles. 
This ditch should be constructed by dynamite blasting as an experi¬ 
ment as previously stated. 

The mouth of Little Atchafalaya Bayou should be closed by a dam 
to prevent the Yazoo from backing up into the low country in the 
vicinity of Belgrade during flood periods. Ditches Nos. 15, 16, and 
17 will provide outlet for that area which now drains into Little 
Atchafalaya when that stream has free outlet into the Yazoo. This 
dam should be constructed at the bridge which now crosses the bayou 
near its mouth. Drainage unit No. 4 wall be greatly benefited by 
this improvement, but until additional ditches are constructed with 
outlets into Silver Creek in Yazoo County or Sharkey County this 
area can not be entirely reclaimed. The estimate for the cost of the 


work in unit No. 5 follows. 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 5. 

Main D.—Clearing 150 feet right of way, stations 0 to 30, 30 stations, at $9 

per station. $270. 00 

Cleaning out Buck Bayou, stations 30 to 89, 59 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $6 per station. 354. 00 

Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 89 to 220.40,131.4 stations, 

at $6 per station. 788. 40 

Cleaning out Cold Lake, stations 220.40 to 247.50, 27.1 stations, 

100 feet wide, at $4.50 per station. 122. 00 

Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 220.40, 134,610 cubic yards, 
at 8 cents per cubic yard. 10, 768. 80 

3 sluices at stations 117, 143, and 170, at $40 each. 120. 00 

Main E.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 62 and 99 to 295, 

and 375 to 399, 282 stations, at $6 per station. 1, 692. 00 

Cleaning out Brushy Lake, stations 62 to 99, 37 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. 166. 50 

Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 399, 172,270 cubic yards, at 
8 cents per cubic yard. 13, 781. 60 

4 sluices at stations 25, 100, 215, and 242, at $40 each. 160. 00 

No. 13.—Cleaning out bayou, stations 0 to 50, 50 stations, 100 feet wide, at 

$4.50 per station. 225.00 

13.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 50 to 83, 33 stations, at $6 

per station..-. 198.00 

13. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 83, 18,560 cubic yards, at 8 

cents per cubic yard. 1, 484. 80 

14. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 252, 252 stations, at $6 

per station. 1,512.00 

14.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 337.90, 133,780 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 10, 702. 40 

[Bull. 244] 

















35 


No. 14.—1 sluice at station 180, at $40. $40. 00 

15.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 340, 340 stations, at $6 

per station. 2,040.00 

15.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 395, 215,635 cubic yards, at 8 

cents per cubic yard. 17, 250. 80 

15.—Excavation by hand labor, stations 395 to 426.70, 1,860 cubic 

yards, at 25 cents per cubic yard. 465. 00 

15. —2 sluices at stations 240 and 276, at $40 each. 80. 00 

16. —Cleaning out Ditchlow & Gooden Lake, stations 0 to 100, 100 sta¬ 

tions, 100 feet wide, at $4.50 per station. 450. 00 

16.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 208 to 271, 63 stations, at 

$6 per station. 378. 00 

16.—Cleaning out bayou, stations 271 to 465,194 stations, 100 feet wide, 

at $4.50 per station. 873. 00 

16. —Excavation by dredge, stations 208 to 465, 65,620 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 5, 249. 60 

17. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 270, 270 stations, at 

$6 per station. 1, 620. 00 

17. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 280.70, 48,270 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 3, 861. 60 

18. —Cleaning out Buck Bayou, stations 0 to 22, 22 stations, 50 feet 

wide, at $2.25 per station. 49. 50 

18.—Excavation by dynamite blasting, stations 22 to 107.20, 9,590 

cubic yards, at 12 cents per cubic yard. 1,150. 80 

Closing outlet of Little Atchafalaya Bayou, 4,000 cubic yards, at 15 cents 

per cubic yard. 600. 00 

Engineering and legal expenses, 10 per cent.. 7, 645. 40 


Total. 84,099.20 


23,077 acres receive 100 per cent benefit at cost of $3.40+ per acre. 77, 938. 00 

1,920 acres receive 67 per cent benefit at cost of $2.27+ per acre. 4, 344. 00 

1,630 acres receive 33 per cent benefit at cost of $1.12+ per acre. 1, 817. 20 


Total. 84,099.20 

Average cost per acre in unit No. 5, $3.16+. 


The division of costs according to benefits in unit No. 5 is assumed 
to be the same as in unit No. 2. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 6. 

Cold Lake, Little Jackson Bayou, designated as Main D, Main F, 
and No. 23, respectively, are the main drains for unit No. 6 and 
will, with but little improvement, be sufficient main channels to carry 
all the waters of that unit in addition to a considerable drainage 
area to the north in Sunflower County. Main D follows Cold Lake 
from the south boundary of unit No. 6 to the head of the lake, thence 
northeasterly along a shallow bayou to Dawson Lake. There will 
be no excavation necessary except from station 535 to 590 and at 
Dawson Lake, on the county line, where a dam should be constructed 
across the mouth of the bayou. This dam will prevent the water of 
Dawson Lake from coming down through Main D and inundating 

lBull. 244] 


























36 


the low area in the northwest part of unit No. 6 during flood periods. 
Main F has its outlet into Cold Lake, follows along Little Jackson 
Bayou to its junction with Jackson Bayou, thence takes the east or 
upstream fork of Jackson Bayou around its winding course to the 
county line. There will be no excavation necessary except from 
station 135 to 155, but there are a number of drifts and other obstruc¬ 
tions along the upper reaches of the channel which will need to be 
removed. This main will also carry the overflow waters from Dawson 
Lake and the low area west of Sky Lake which come down through 
ditch No. 25. 

Ditch No. 19 is a very short one, having its outlet into No. 20 
through a small bayou in the north part of section 9, township 16 
north, range 4 west. It follows this bayou from the outlet north¬ 
ward to the section line, thence extends westward one-fourtli of a 
mile to the section corner. 

Ditch No. 20 has outlet into Main D and follows a winding bayou 
through sections 17, 16, and 9, township 16 north, range 4 west, to 
the north line of section 9, thence goes due east a distance of 1 mile 
to the Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad, one-lialf mile south of 
Isola. That part of the ditch which follows the bayou needs no 
further improvement than the cleaning out of the trees and brush¬ 
wood. 

Ditch No. 21 has outlet into No. 20 on the north line of section 16 
and extends due east a distance of 2 miles to the Yazoo & Mississippi 
Valley Railroad. No. 22 has outlet into Main D at the basin of Cold 
Lake in section 20, township 16 north, range 4 west, extends northeast 
to the northwest corner of section 21, thence due east a distance of 
3 miles. 

Ditch No. 23 is that part of Jackson Bayou from the junction of 
Little Jackson Bayou northward to Dawson Lake. The channel is 
of sufficient size and depth to carry all the water coming into it and 
will need no improvement. The direction of flow is now to the 
north, but with the opening of Little Jackson Bayou, giving free 
outlet to the southward, the direction of flow will be reversed. 

Ditch No. 24 has outlet into Jackson Bayou at the northeast corner 
of section 12, township 16 north, range 4 west, and extends 1J miles 
due west. Ditch No. 25 has outlet into Jackson Bayou in section 5, 
township 16 north, range 3 west, and follows an old bayou 1 mile 
northward to a point near the county line. There will be no exca¬ 
vation necessary, and only the trees and brush will need to be cleaned 
out of the channel to make it provide for a large quantity of water 
coming down from Sunflower County in the vicinity of Sky Lake. 
Ditch No. 26 is a short lateral having outlet into Jackson Bayou 
through a small slough in the northeast part of section 8, township 
16 north, range 3 west. It follows this slough 1,100 feet, thence 

[Bull. 244] 


37 


turns due east 1 mile along the north line of section 9. Ditch No. 27 
is also a short lateral, having outlet into Jackson Bayou on the north 
line of section 17 and extending tliree-fourths mile due east. No. 28 
has outlet into Jackson Bayou on the north line of section 24, town¬ 
ship 16 north, range 4 west, and extends due east a distance of 3 
miles. 

Ditch No. 29 has outlet into Jackson Bayou through a slough at 
southwest corner of section 24, township 16 north, range 4 west. It 
follows this slough, which needs to be deepened slightly, a distance 
of 1 mile eastward, thence due east along the north line of sections 30, 
29, and 28, a distance of 2 \ miles. Ditch No. 30 has outlet into No. 
29 and follows a bayou in section 20, township 16 north, range 3 west, 
a distance of about 1 mile in a northeasterly direction to the Yazoo 
and Mississippi Valley Railroad track. 

Ditch No. 31 is 7 miles long, extending from its outlet into Jack- 
son Bayou, near the northeast corner of section 32, township 16 north, 
range 4 west, to that corner, thence due east to the Yazoo & Missis¬ 
sippi Valley Railroad at the east boundary of unit 6. The spoil 
banks should be deposited only on the south side of the ditch where 
it crosses the bayous on the north line of sections 34 and 35, town¬ 
ship 16 north, range 4 west, and at the north line of section 31, town¬ 
ship 16 north, range 3 west. 

The estimate for the cost of unit No. 6 follows: 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 6. 

Main D.—Cold Lake stations 247+50 to 500, no improvements necessary. 

Cleaning out bayou, stations 500 to 610, 110 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. 

Excavation by dredge, stations 535 to 590, 7,090 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 

Closing bead of ditch at Dawson Lake, 2,600 cubic yards, at 15 

cents per cubic yard. 

No. 19.—Cleaning out slough, stations 0 to 16, 16 stations, 50 feet wide, at 
$2.25 per station. 

19. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 16 to 33,1,170 cubic yards, at 

25 cents per cubic yard. 

20. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 13, 13 stations, at $1 

per station. 

20— Cleaning out bayou, stations 13 to 137, 124 stations 50 feet wide, 
at $2.25 per station. 

20—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 13, 4,900 cubic yards, at 8 
cents per cubic yard. 

20. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 137 to 187+00, 4,460 cubic 

yards, at 25 cents per cubic yard. 

21. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 90, 90 stations, at $6 

per station. 

21.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 115, 46,820 cubic yards, at 8 

cents per cubic yard. 

[Bull. 244] 


$495.00 
567.20 
390.00 
36.00 
292.50 
13.00 
279.00 
392.00 
1,115.00 
540.00 
3, 745.60 













38 


No. 22.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 40 to 80 and 95 to 185+40, 

130.4 stations, at $6 per station. $782.40 

22.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 185+40, 80,010 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 6,400. 80 

Main F.—Cleaning out Jackson Bayou, stations 90 to 210, 120 stations 100 

feet wide at $4.50 per station. 540.00 

Cleaning out Jackson Bayou, stations 272+50 to 537, 264.5 sta¬ 
tions 100 feet wide, at $4.50 per station. 1,190. 25 

Excavation by dredge, stations 135 to 255, 39,860 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 3,188.80 

No. 23.—Jackson Bayou, no improvements necessary. 

24. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 3 to 80, 6,550 cubic yards, at 

25 cents per cubic yard. 1,637.50 

25. —Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 45, 45 stations 50 feet 

wide, at $2.25 per station. 101.25 

26. —Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 11, 11 stations 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. 49.50 

26.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 11 to 55, 44 stations, at $6 

per station. 264.00 

26. —Excavation by dredge, stations 11 to 73+70, 27,030 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 2,162.40 

27. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 48+40, 4,370 cubic yards, 

at 25 cents per cubic yard. 1,092. 50 

28. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 108 to 155, 47 stations, at 

$6 per station. 282.00 

28. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 162+00, 60,930 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 4,874.40 

29. —Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 58, 58 stations 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. 261.00 

29.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 89 to 104, and 130 to 180, 

65 stations, at $6 per station. 390.00 

29. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 178+80, 43,620 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 3,489.60 

30. —Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 45, 45 stations 50 feet 

wide, at $2.25 per station.. 101.25 

31. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 322,322 stations, at $6 

per station. 1, 932.00 

31.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 361+00, 157,540 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 12, 603. 20 

Engineering and legal expenses 10 per cent. 4, 920. 80 

Total. 54,128. 95 

23,059 acres benefited at an average cost of $2.35 per acre. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 7. 

Quit© a large portion of unit No. 7 is subject to overflow from 
the Yazoo River and backwater up Wasp Lake. The surface condi¬ 
tions are too irregular to permit the drawing of contour lines to 
show the area flooded during periods of extreme and average high 
water, but an estimate has been made of the area covered during 
such times. A more detailed survey will be necessary to determine 
exactly what portions of unit No. 7 are subject to flooding and 

lBull. 244] 
























39 


therefore to a reduced rate of assessment. It is here assumed that 
all land lying above an elevation of 130 feet will receive 100 per cent 
benefit while that lying below 130 feet and above the 127-foot ele¬ 
vation will receive 67 per cent benefit, and the remainder, which lies 
below 127 feet, will receive 33 per cent benefit. 

Ditch Main G follows Wasp Lake from its mouth in the Yazoo 
River at the southeast corner of section 29, township 16 north, range 
2 west, a distance of 6-| miles, thence up Sky Lake Bayou to the 
Southern Railway trestle over Sky Lake at Perkins, thence up Sky 
Lake until it reaches open water in section 3, township 16 north, 
range 3 west. Wasp Lake is a wide, open body of water which was 
probably at one time the channel of the Yazoo River and will require 
no improvement, but the connection with Sky Lake from stations 
345 to 436 will need to be dredged out. Also a 100-foot strip of that 
part of Sky Lake from Perkins to open water will have to be cleared 
of timber and brush to permit a free flow to the east and south. 

Ditch No. 32 is a short lateral having outlet into Wasp Lake at 
the north line of section 14, township 16 north, range 3 west, and 
extending due west 1^ miles to the northwest corner of section 15. 
Ditch No. 33 has its outlet into Wasp Lake at the north line of section 
29, township 16 north, range 3 west, and extends 1^ miles due west 
to the northwest corner of section 22. 

Ditch No. 34 has its outlet into Wasp Lake at the east line of 
section 23, township 16 north, range 3 west, and extends 1^ miles 
due north. No. 35 has its outlet into Wasp Lake at the east line of 
section 24, township 16 north, range 3 west, and extends H miles 
due north, ending in a small lake at the northeast corner of section 
13. Ditch No. 36 has its outlet into Wasp Lake at the southeast 
corner of section 19, township 16 north, range 2 west, and extends 2 
miles due north, ending one-fourth of a mile south of Bear Creek. 
Ditch No. 37 has its outlet into Wasp Lake at its mouth, near the 
southeast corner of section 29, township 16 north, range 2 west, and 
extends due north 1J miles to the east quarter corner of section 20. 

It is possible that the locations of ditches Nos. 34, 35, 36, and 37 
can be improved upon by running additional levels in that area. In 
this survey only east and west section lines were leveled, and per¬ 
haps some of the existing channels between the Yazoo River and 
Wasp Lake will serve as north and south drains. The estimate for 
tlie cost of unit No. 7 follows: 

Estimate of cost for unit No. 7. 


Main G.—Stations 0 to 345 is Wasp Lake, no improvements necessary. 

Clearing out Sky Lake Bayou and Sky Lake, stations 345 to 525, 

180 stations, 100 feet wide, at $4.50 per station. $810. 00 

Excavation by dredge, stations 360 to 435, 21,860 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 1. 748. 80 

[Bull. 244] 




40 


No. 32.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 50 to 67, 17 stations, at $6 


per station. $102.00 

32. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 66+80, 20,390 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 1,631. 20 

33. —Clearing 100 feet right of w T ay, stations 24 to 64 and 76 to 86, 50 

stations, at $6 per station. 300. 00 

33. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 85+80, 40,930 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 3,274. 40 

34. —Excavation by hand labor, stations 0 to 75, 6,360 cubic yards, at 

25 cents per cubic yard. 1,590. 00 

35. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 5 to 65, 60 stations, at $6 

per station. 360. 00 

35. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 82+80, 40,170 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 3,213. 60 

36. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 15 to 115, 100 stations, at 

$6 per station. 600. 00 

36. —Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 115, 47,750 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 3, 820. 00 

37. —Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 74+40, 74.4 stations, 

at $6 per station. 446. 40 

37.—Excavation by dredge, stations 0 to 74+40, 48,440 cubic yards, 

at 8 cents per cubic yard. 3,875. 20 

Engineering and legal expenses, 10 per cent. 2,177.15 

Total. 23, 948. 75 


8,135 acres receive 100 per cent benefit at cost of $2.32+per acre. 18, 882. 50 

1,780 acres receive 67 per cent benefit at cost of $1.55+per acre. 2, 768. 25 

3,000 acres receive 33 per cent benefit at cost of $0.76+per acre. 2, 298. 00 


Total. 23,948.75 

Average cost per acre for unit No. 7 is $1.85. 

DRAINAGE UNIT NO. 8. 


Drainage unit No. 8 is the smallest in the district and embraces the 
town of Belzoni and vicinity and a narrow strip of land south to 
Belgrade adjacent to the Yazoo River. There are no large ditches in 
this unit, and use is made of the existing bayous for outlets into the 
Yazoo. There may be occasional flooding of a very small portion of 
this unit, but this has not taken place in many years, and the whole 
of unit No. 8 may be considered as having a permanent free outlet. 

Ditch Main H is the principal drain. Its outlet is the Yazoo 
through a bayou, whose mouth is 1 mile east of Belzoni. It follows 
this bayou, which needs to be deepened slightly, in a northeasterly 
direction a distance of 1^ miles, thence turns and extends due north 
1J miles to the north quarter corner of section 25, township 16 
north, range 3 west, thence 1J miles w T est to the northwest comer of 
section 26. 

Ditch No. 38 is a short lateral having outlet into Main H at the 
north quarter of section 36, township 16 north, range 3 west, and 
extending 1^ miles due east. 

Ditch Main I is an old bayou having outlet into the Yazoo just east 
of Belzoni and extending northward along the Southern Railway a 

[Bull. 244] 























41 


distance of 2 \ miles. It needs no excavation, but will have to be 
cleared of the trees and brush to make it properly carry the water 
from its watershed. 

Ditch Main J is Burton Bayou, having outlet into the Yazoo just 
south of Belzoni and extending in a northwesterly direction a dis¬ 
tance of 1 mile. Only the upper end of this ditch need be deepened 
and cleared of the timber and brush. 

The estimate for the cost of unit No. 8 follows: 


Estimate of cost for unit No. 8. • 

Main H.—Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 75, 75 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $4.50 per station. $337. 50 

Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 135 to 205, 70 stations, 

at $6 per station. 420. 00 

Excavation by dredge, stations 43 to 236, 70,480 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 5,638.40 

No. 38.—Clearing 100 feet right of way, stations 0 to 45, 45 stations, at $6 

per station. 270. 00 

38.—Excavation by dredge, stations Oto 76+90, 29,620 cubic yards, at 

8 cents per cubic yard. 2, 369. 60 

Main I.—Cleaning out old channel, stations 0 to 120, 120 stations, 100 feet 

wide, at $3 per station. 360.00 

J.—Stations 0 to 35 is Burton Bayou, no improvement necessary. 

Excavation by hand labor, stations 35 to 55, 590 cubic yards, at 

25 cents per cubic yard. 147. 50 

Engineering and legal expenses, 10 per cent. 954. 30 


Total. 10,497.30 


8,172 acres benefited 100 per cent at average cost of $1.30 per acre. 

BRIDGES. 

The proposed improvements necessitate the building of new or 


the replacing of old bridges, as follows. 

Removing and replacing part of bridge at mouth of Ditchlow Bayou. $50 

New highway bridge over Main A at station 415, 22 feet long, at $5 per foot. 110 

Removing and replacing 2 bridges over Cold Lake in sections 8 and 20, at $50 
each. 100 


New highway bridge over Main E at stations 346+70, 22 feet long, at $5 per foot. 110 
New highway bridge over ditch No. 14 at stations 285+10, 22 feet long, at $5 

per foot. HQ 

Removing and replacing part of bridge at head of Gooden Lake, ditch No. 16- 50 

New highway bridge over ditch No. 16 at station 270,22 feet long, at $5 per foot.. 110 

New highway bridge over ditch No. 15 at station 382, 22 feet long, at $5 per foot.. 110 

3 new highway bridges over Little Jackson Bayou and branch bayou near fork 

at station 162+50 and 272+50, one 24 feet and two 22 feet, at $5 per foot. 340 

New railroad bridge over ditch No. 28 at station 42, 25 feet long, at $30 per foot.. 750 

New railroad bridge over ditch No. 29 at station 126, 25 feet long, at $30 per foot. 750 

New highway bridge over ditch No. 32 on north line of section 15, 22 feet long, 

at $5 per foot. 

New railroad bridge over ditch No. 32 on north line of section 14, 25 feet long, at 

$30 per foot. 

[Bull. 244] 


750 



















42 


New highway bridge over ditch No. 33 on north line of section 22,22 feet long, at 


$5 per foot. $110 

New highway bridge over ditch No. 33 on north line of section 23, 22 feet long, 

at $5 per foot. 110 

New railroad bridge over ditch No. 33 on north line of section 23, 25 feet long, 

at $30 per foot. 750 

New highway bridge over Main H in sections 36, at stations 66, 22 feet long, at 
$5 per foot. 110 


Total. 4,530 


The above estimates for bridges are not included in the cost of 
reclamation, for the reason that all the highway bridges are county 
bridges and the cost thereof should be borne by the county and the 
railroad bridges should be built and paid for by the railroads. 

SUMMARY. 

The necessary construction work of the project is herewith sum¬ 
marized and the total estimated cost given. 


Drainage unit No. 2. $59, 339. 90 

Drainage unit No. 3. 9, 039. 75 

Drainage unit No. 5. 84, 099.20 

Drainage unit No. 6. 54,128. 95 

Drainage unit No. 7. 23, 948. 75 

Drainage unit No. 8. 10, 497. 30 


241, 053. 85 

90,158 acres in entire district actually benefited. Average cost per acre, 
$2.67+. 

In the case of all dredge ditches the excavated material should be 
deposited not nearer than 8 feet from the edge of the ditch, and the 
work should be so finished that the margins will be clear cut, the 
slope of the sides uniform, and the bottom of an even grade. Except¬ 
ing in cases where the excavated material is to be deposited' as 
levees on both sides of the ditch, there should be a sufficient number 
of openings or breaks left in the spoil banks to allow the entrance of 
field laterals. These openings should not be less than 4 feet wide 
at the bottom and should occur at intervals of not more than one- 
fourth mile apart and at all places where there are natural depres¬ 
sions or creeks which may become channels for lateral or field drainage. 

Where the excavated material is deposited as levee along low 
ground to confine heavy flows within the banks of the ditch, the same 
care should be taken with the work as noted above. The base of the 
levee should first be cleared of all vegetable growth and stumps, so 
as to permit the new material placed in the levee to unite with the 
ground underneath and thus prevent seepage. The material taken 
from a minimum dredge ditch will be sufficient to make a leve'e 4 
feet high, with side slopes of 2 to 1, which will be all-sufficient for the 
purpose for which they are intended 

[Bull. 244] 
















43 


In order to provide for the removal of drainage water from the 
lowland back of the levee into the ditch, sluice gates must be con¬ 
structed under the levee embankment at intervals of about one-half 
mile. These sluices will permit the escape of surface water falling 
upon the lowland except during such times when the large ditch is 
flowing full or nearly so, when the gates will be automatically closed. 
The gates being closed will prevent water of the main ditch from 
backing in upon the low ground back of the levee, and it is not likely 
that the water in the ditch will remain so high as to keep the gates 
closed long enough to do any material damage, except in the case 
of the extremely low ground previously described as reservoirs. 

The sluices should be made of 24-inch iron or corrugated-metal 
pipe, or of vitrified sewer pipe with cemented joints, and fitted with 
a flap gate suspended on suitable hinges at the outer end. The pipe 
should be at least 25 feet long, so that when in position under the 
embankment it will project well out from the toe of the slope at either 
end, and both ends should be held firmly in position by a heading 
of stone or concrete. The outer end of the pipe should be protected 
by a grating of heavy rods to prevent driftwood from becoming 
lodged under the gate, and the other end should be provided with a 
sliding valve which can be opened or closed by hand in case the 
outer valve fails to work properly. Such sluices can be purchased 
ready-made from either one of several firms which make a specialty 
of valves, traps, sluices, etc., at a cost of about $35 or $40 each. 
The exact location of the sluices has not been determined, a more 
detailed survey for interior drainage being necessary to establish 
their positions, but the table of ditch sizes gives the number required 
and their approximate locations. They should be placed in position 
and firmly tamped before the excavation is begun, so that the levee 
will not be disturbed after it is once finished. 

It should be distinctly understood that the earthwork computa¬ 
tions in the case of all north-and-south ditches and diagonal ditches 
are only approximations, due to the absence of levels along those 
lines, and that an actual location survey may disclose quite a varia¬ 
tion in the true yardage required. The above estimates are, however, 
sufficiently accurate for the determination of the cost of drainage. 
The drainage law under which the district proceeds, whether it be a 
special act or the general drainage law, will provide for the equitable 
assessment of the various parts of the district to pay for the cost of 
the improvements, and in the foregoing estimates the ratio of 33 per 
cent —07 p er C ent in the case of overflowed lands—is merely assumed 
for convenience in determining the probable cost. There will be a 
certain benefit to railroads and county roads within the district, and 
when assessments are levied against the railroads and county for 
such improvements the cost per acre for the land improved may be 

[Bull. 244] 


44 


reduced as much as 5 per cent. Sometimes the engineering and 
legal expenses exceed 10 per cent of the cost of construction, due to 
organized opposition to the drainage district and other unforeseen 
contingencies, and therefore a more exact unit cost per acre can not 
be determined until the details of assessment are worked out. As 
shown above, the cost will probably vary between $1 and $3 per acre, 
depending upon the locality, and the average cost over the entire 
area will be about $2.50 per acre. 

The above cost estimates do not, of course, include interior or 
detailed drainage, which will have to be constructed by the land- 
owners themselves. The plan outlined herein will provide good 
drainage outlets for all lands except in the cases previously described, 
unless the Mississippi River levee is extended to the vicinity of 
Vicksburg and the Coldwater River in the northern part of the State 
is diverted and prevented from augmenting the floods coming down 
the Yazoo River. The starting and completion of the Mississippi 
River Levee work will depend upon the cooperation of the railroad 
and landed interests behind the levee with the Mississippi River 
Commission. All are agreed as to the desirability of having the 
work done, but when they will agree as to the proper proportion of 
the cost to be borne by each, and when the necessary funds will 
become available, are matters of great uncertainty. The proposed 
Government improvement of the upper Sunflower River for naviga¬ 
tion purposes will not effect the drainage in Washington County. 
Another alternative which would protect the low overflowed lands 
in units Nos. 2 and 5 at all times would be to install a large concrete 
multiple sluice gate and pumping plant at the mouth of Ditchlow 
Bayou. The sluice gate would permit the escape of all drainage 
water during such times when there is free outlet and prevent back¬ 
water from the Sunflower coming in upon the lowlands of the interior 
during periods of high water. The pumping plant, which would 
require a maximum capacity of 400,000 gallons a minute, would then 
have to be put into operation and kept running until the Sunflower 
receded sufficiently to permit the opening of the sluices. Such a 
plant would cost a great deal more money than the land at present 
could afford to pay, especially because the overflowed or reservoir 
land would have to bear the burden of the expense, and if at some 
future date it is found that such extensive plans are practical the 
sluice and pump can be installed without any rearrangement of the 
drainage system herein outlined. 

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION. 

Floating dipper dredges should be used in the construction of all 
ditches except the very short ones, as indicated in the estimates. 
They will be required to work upstream in most cases on account 

LBull. 244] 


45 


of the arrangement of the system, but it is not anticipated that there 
will be any difficulty due to lack of water to float the machines. The 
minimum size of dredge ditch has been fixed at 14-foot bottom, 
20-foot top, and 6 feet deep. This will permit the operation of an 
18-foot hull boat, the smallest upon which the heavy type of machin¬ 
ery necessary in rough timber work can be mounted. The short 
small ditches can best be done by hand labor, as it is almost impossible 
to use teams and scrapers in the rough wooded country characteristic 
of this district. 

In the case of ditch No. 18, where dynamite blasting has been 
recommended, it is thought that an experiment of this kind might 
prove to be quite profitable. Dynamite ditches have been made up 
to 18 feet top width and up to 6 feet deep, but it is not certain that 
successful blasting of this kind can be done in the close alluvial soil 
of the Delta. The cost of such excavation is considerably less than 
excavation by hand or by team and scraper, and if it is found that 
the proper-strength dynamite placed at certain depths and distances 
apart will make the proper ditches, this method can well be used in 
the construction of the interior drainage. 

The method of advertising for bids and letting contracts will be 
well explained in the drainage law, and a discussion of that phase 
of the work will not be given here. 

BENEFICIAL RESULTS. 

There is a certain intrinsic value to all the lands within the district 
which can not be realized until a system of thorough drainage has 
been installed. Nor is there any doubt as to the productiveness of 
the soil of the Delta when well drained and that the land is capable 
of producing a large revenue to the State when improved. When 
properly utilized it would doubtless increase from its present almost 
worthless condition to compare most favorably with the best agri¬ 
cultural lands in the South. Furthermore, the health of the com¬ 
munity will be greatly improved, due to the removal of malarial con¬ 
ditions, as has been the case in similar areas in the South where 
extensive drainage works have been carried out. Also under present 
conditions it is impossible to construct and maintain in passable 
condition during wet seasons any roads traversing the district. The 
construction of good roads depends upon good drainage, and upon 
good roads crops can be hauled to market at greatly reduced cost. 
Other benefits will result from the drainage of the land which, com¬ 
bined with those already named, will be so great as compared to the 
cost of the work that there is no doubt as to its feasibility. 

[Bull. 244] 


APPENDIX 


Acreage which may he flooded during periods of extreme and average high water. 


Areas subject to overflow. 


Drainage unit. 


No. 1. 

No. 2 ... _ 

No. 3. 

No. 4. 

No. 5. 

No. 6. 

No. 7. 

No. 8. 

Total 


Total 

area. 


Acres. 

4,748 

18,876 

3,343 

5,586 

26,627 

23,059 

12,915 

8,172 


103,326 


Area 

receiving 

complete 

drainage. 


Acres. 


16,726 

2,283 


23,077 

23,059 

8,135 

8,172 


78,752 


Maximum. 


Area. 


Acres. 


2,150 

1,060 


3,550 

4,780 


11,540 


Depth. 


Feet. 


2.5 

2.0 


2.5 
5.0 


Time. 


Weeks. 


Average. 


Area. 


Acres. 


1,220 


1,630 


3,000 


5,850 


Depth. 


Feet. 


0.5 


3.0 


Time. 


2 weeks to 6 months. 

2 weeks to 6 months. 
0 to 15 weeks. 


Division of the district by drainage units into cultivated , timber, and deadened timber 

lands, and sloughs, bayous, and lakes. 


Unit. 

Area in 
acres. 

Cultivated. 

Timber. 

Deadened 

timber. 

Sloughs, bayous, 
and lakes. 

Acres. 

Per 
cent of 
unit. 

Acres. 

Per 
cent of 
unit. 

Acres. 

Per 

cent of 
unit. 

Acres. 

Per 
cent of 
unit. 

No. 1. 

4,748 

18,876 

3,343 

5,586 

26,627 

23,059 

12,915 

8,172 

21 

3,181 

105 

8 

3,094 

7,780 

3,187 

4,247 

0.5 

17.0 

3.0 

4,643 

15,108 

3,166 

5,541 

23,014 

13,095 

8,455 

3.778 

97.5 

80.0 

95.0 

99.0 

87.0 

57.0 

65.0 

46.0 



84 

487 

72 

37 

419 

704 

1,023 

129 

2.0 

2.5 
2.0 
1.0 

1.5 
3.0 
8.0 
2.0 

No. 2. 

No. 3. 

100 

0.5 

No. 4. 



No. 5. 

No. 6. 

No. 7. 

No. 8. 

11.0 

34.0 

25.0 

52.0 

100 

1,480 

250 

.5 

6.0 

2.0 

Entire district. 

Units Nos. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 

8 combined. 



103,326 

21,641 

21.0 

76,800 

74.0 

1,930 

2.0 

2,955 

3.0 

92,992 

21,612 

23.0 

66,616 

72.0 

1,930 

2.0 

2,834 

3.0 


[Bull. 244] 


( 46 ) 















































































47 


Division of the district 


by sections into cultivated, timber and deadened timber lands , and 
sloughs, bayous, and lakes. 


Location. 


T. 16 N., R. 5 W 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

T. 16 N., R. 4 W 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

T. 16 N., R. 3 W 
Do. 


Drainage 

unit. 

Section. 

Area. 

Culti¬ 

vated. 

Timber 

and 

deadened 

timber. 

Cleared. 

Water. 

Total. 



Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

1 

1 


467 



467 

2 

1 

40 

54 


6 

100 

1 

2 


566 


4 

570 

1 

3 


556 


14 

570 

1 

4 

10 

425 


5 

440 

1 

5 

1 

149 



150 

1 

8 


36 


1 

37 

1 

9 


421 


50 

471 

2 

9 


160 


10 

170 

1 

10 


635 


5 

640 

1 

11 


580 


5 

585 

2 

11 


55 



55 

1 

12 


40 



40 

2 

12 

140 

407 


50 

597 

2 

13 

60 

557 


22 

639 

1 

14 


166 



166 

2 

14 

189 

241 


44 

474 

1 

15 


292 



292 

2 

15 

132 

176 


40 

348 

1 

16 


10 



10 

2 

16 

55 

524 


23 

602 

2 

17 


106 



106 

2 

21 

88 

50 



138 

2 

22 

210 

390 



600 

2 

23 

14 

624 


2 

640 

2 

24 


630 


10 

640 

2 

25 

43 

592 


7 

642 

2 

26 

216 

90 


5 

311 

2 

27 

24 




24 

2 

35 

155 

65 



220 

2 

36 

50 

590 



640 

6 

1 


317 

300 

20 

637 

6 

O 

L 

445 

135 

25 

30 

635 

6 

3 

562 



70 

632 

6 

4 

471 

95 


70 

636 

6 

5 

156 

125 


27 

308 

1 

5 


115 



115 

2 

5 


192 


18 

210 

2 

6 

40 

327 


30 

397 

1 

6 

10 

185 



195 

2 

7 

60 

532 


5 

597 

2 

8 

32 

148 



180 

6 

8 

305 

120 


35 

460 

6 

9 

340 

235 


65 

640 

6 

10 

309 

320 

• 

10 

639 

6 

11 

363 

248 


30 

641 

6 

12 

74 

375 

160 

30 

639 

6 

13 

565 

60 


15 

640 

6 

14 

54 

586 



640 

6 

15 

200 

441 



641 

6 

16 

45 

585 


10 

640 

6 

17 

48 

393 


40 

481 

2 

17 


160 



160 

2 

18 


581 


15 

596 

2 

19 


599 



599 

2 

20 

335 




335 

6 

20 

74 

192 


40 

306 

6 

21 

140 

475 


25 

640 

6 

22 

ISO 

458 


2 

640 

6 

23 

80 

550 


10 

640 

6 

24 

120 

501 


20 

641 

6 

25 

210 

425 


5 

640 

6 

26 

50 

580 


10 

640 

6 

27 

40 

574 


25 

639 

6 

28 


623 


18 

641 

6 

29 

100 

110 


10 

220 

2 

29 


422 



422 

2 

30 


591 


5 

596 

2 

31 


584 


12 

596 

5 

32 

115 

516 


10 

641 

5 

33 


640 . 


640 

5 

34 


636 . 

4 

640 

5 

35 


629 . 

10 

639 

5 

36 


640 . 


640 

7 

1 

190 

375 . 

60 

625 

7 

2 

271 

338 . 

30 

639 


[Bull. 244] 






































































































































































































48 


Division of the district by sections into cultivated, timber and deadened timber lands, and 

sloughs, bayous, and lakes —Continued. 


Area. 


Location. 


T. 1C N., It. 3 W 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

T. 16 N., R. 2 W. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

T. 15 N., R.2W. 
T. 15 N., R.3W. 

Do. 

Do.. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 


Drainage 

unit. 

Section. 

Culti¬ 

vated. 

Timber 

and 

deadened 

timber. 

Cleared. 

Water. 

Total. 



Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

7 

3 

362 

100 


175 

637 

7 

4 




103 

103 

6 

4 

112 

424 



536 

6 

5 


513 

110 

10 

633 

6 

6 


170 

370 

22 

562 

6 

7 

140 

267 

150 

3 

560 

6 

8 

406 

140 

60 

30 

636 

6 

9 

65 

424 

65 

3 

557 

7 

9 


40 

40 


80 

7 

10 

220 

284 

130 

2 

636 

7 

11 

345 

180 

40 

70 

635 

7 

12 

40 

524 


80 

644 

7 

13 

40 

595 


5 

640 

7 

14 

90 

452 


95 

637 

7 

15 

250 

388 



638 

7 

16 


120 

40 


160 

6 

16 

40 

378 

60 


478 

6 

17 

474 

160 


1 

635 

6 

18 

550 



10 

560 

6 

19 

312 

240 


8 

560 

6 

20 

160 

475 



635 

c 

21 

40 

439 



479 

7 

21 

80 



80 

8 

21 

10 

70 



80 

7 

22 

80 

240 



320 

8 

.22 

186 

132 


2 

320 

7 

23 

273 

12 


35 

320 

8 

23 

100 

217 



317 

7 

24 

60 

323 


100 

483 

8 

24 

15 

145 



160 

8 

25 

305 

336 



641 

8 

26 

459 

175 


4 

638 

8 

27 

330 

305 


4 

639 

8 

28 


160 



160 

6 

28 

260 

77 

140 


477 

6 

29 

110 

487 

40 


637 

6 

30 

180 

378 



558 

5 

31 


556 



556 

5 

32 

180 

459 



639 

5 

33 

627 




627 

8 

33 


11 



11 

8 

34 

284 

355 



639 

8 

35 

439 

194 


7 

640 

8 

36 

280 

345 


15 

640 

7 

6 


190 



190 

7 

7 

120 

421 


70 

611 

7 

8 


215 


14 

229 

7 

16 


215 



215 

7 

17 

36 

600 



636 

7 

18 

150 

457 


5 

612 

7 

19 

100 

412 


100 

612 

7 

20 

100 

533 


7 

640 

7 

21 


628 



62s 

7 

22 


22 



22 

7 

28 


303 



303 

7 

29 

440 

125 


70 

635 

8 

29 

7 



3 

10 

7 

30 

20 

283 


2 

305 

8 

30 

80 

222 


2 

304 

8 

31 

274 

135 


25 

434 

8 

32 

241 

45 


30 

316 

8 

33 


67 


3 

70 

8 

6 

25 




25 

8 

1 

182 

290 


20 

492 

8 

2 

186 

190 


4 

380 

8 

3 

277 

264 


5 

546 

5 i 

4 

140 

524 



664 

5 

5 

210 

458 


. 

669 

5 

6 


589 



588 

5 

7 


639 



634 

5 

8 

320 

314 



639 

5 

9 

40 

589 



629 

8 

9 


5 



5 

8 [ 

10 

227 

82 


5 

314 


[Bull. 244] 























































































































































































Division of the district by sections into cultivated , limber and deadened timber lands , and 

sloughs, bayous, and lakes —Continued. 


Location. 

Drainage 

unit. 

Section. 

Culti¬ 

vated. 

Timber 

and 

deadened 

timber. 

Area. 

Cleared. 

Water. 

Total. 




Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

Acres. 

T. 15 N., R. 3 W. 

8 

15 

133 

3 



136 

Do.l. 

8 

1G 

207 

30 



237 

Do. 

5 

16 

294 

46 


18 

358 

Do. 

5 

17 

565 

60 


12 

637 

Do. 

5 

18 

60 

570 


6 

636 

Do. 

5 

19 


636 


3 

639 

Do. 

5 

20 

60 

550 


24 

634 

Do. 

5 

21 

253 


12 

265 

Do. 

8 

21 

18 




18 

Do. 

4 

28 

8 




8 

Do. 

4 

29 

363 


15 

378 

Do. 

4 

30 


640 


640 

Do. 

4 

31 


346 



346 

T. 15 N., R. 4 \7. 

5 

1 


661 


2 

663 

Do.!. 

5 

2 


663 


5 

668 

Do. 

5 

3 


670 


2 

672 

Do. 

5 

4 


668 


10 

678 

Do.. 

5 

5 


665 


3 

668 

Do. 

2 

6 


660 


3 

663 

Do. 

2 

7 


607 


15 

622 

Do. 

5 

8 


609 


20 

629 

Do. 

5 

9 


617 


25 

642 

Do. 

5 

10 


613 


25 

638 

Do. 

5 

11 


606 


25 

631 

Do. 

5 

12 


628 



628 

Do. 

5 

13 


621 


10 

631 

Do. 

5 

14 

40 

582 


10 

632 

Do. 

5 

15 


637 


2 

639 

Do. 

5 

1G 

40 

588 


10 

638 

Do. 

5 

17 


585 


45 

630 

Do. 

2 

18 


508 

100 

15 

623 

Do. 

2 

19 


86 


2 

88 

Do. 

5 

19 


414 

100 

20 

534 

Do. 

5 

20 


626 


8 

634 

Do. 

5 

21 

100 

492 


4 

596 

Do. 

5 

21 


40 


1 

41 

Do . 

5 

22 


182 


10 

192 

Do . 

5 

22 


445 



445 

Do . 

5 

23 


623 



623 

Do . 

5 

23 


6 


4 

10 

Do . 

5 

24 


630 


2 

632 

Do 

4 

25 


632 



632 

Do . 

4 

26 


634 



634 

Do . 

4 

27 


624 


12 

636 

Do 

4 

28 


200 



200 

Do . 

5 

28 

50 

144 


32 

226 

Do . 

3 

28 


210 



210 

Do . 

5 

29 


486 


20 

506 

Do . 

3 

29 


130 



130 

Do 

5 

30 


337 


25 

362 

Do 

3 

30 


265 



265 

Do . 

3 

31 


625 


5 

630 

Do . 

3 

32 


637 



637 

Do 

3 

33 


439 



439 

Do 

4 

33 


200 



200 

Do . 

4 

34 


629 


10 

639 

Do 

4 

35 


637 



637 

Do . 

4 

36 


636 



636 

T 15 N R 5 \V 

2 

1 


638 



638 

Do 

2 

2 

130 

145 



275 

Do 

2 

11 

167 

273 



440 

Do . 

2 

12 


620 


6 

626 

Do . 

2 

13 


600 


28 

628 

Do 

2 

14 

150 

350 



500 

Do 

2 

15 

3 




3 

Do 

2 

22 

170 




170 

Do . 

2 

23 

120 

495 


26 

641 

Do 

2 

24 


574 


30 

604 

Do 

5 

24 


25 



25 

Do . 

2 

25 

198 

50 


50 

298 

Do 

3 

25 


222 


10 

232 

Do. 

5 

25 


100 



100 


[Bull. 244] 




































































































































































































































50 


Division of the district by sections into cultivated, timber and deadened timber lands, and 

sloughs, bayous, and lakes —Continued. 






Area. 

Location. 


Drainage 

unit. 

Section. 

Culti¬ 

vated. 

Timber 

and 

deadened 

timber. 

Cleared. 

Water. 

Total. 

T. 15 N. R. 5 W. 

2 

26 

Acres . 
304 

Acres. 

25 

Acres. 

Acres. 

8 

Acres. 

337 

Do 

2 

27 

26 


26 

Do.. 

3 

34 

48 


2 

50 

Do. 

3 

35 

105 

30 


10 

145 

Do 

2 

35 

30 


30 

Do. 

3 

36 

560 


45 

605 

Do:_ 

2 

36 


30 


30 







Total. 




21,641 

76,800 

1,930 

2,955 

103,326 






Per cent of total aereave_ 




21 

74 

2 

3 

100 







BENCH MARKS. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 

Eleva¬ 
tion in 
feet. 

H-l 

123.86 

H-2 

123.91 

H-3 

129.90 

11-4 

126.74 

H-5 

126.76 

H-6 

110.89 

H-7 

122.17 

H-8 

127.64 

H-9 

131.07 

H-10 

134.49 

H-ll 

131.95 

H-12 

132.36 

H-13 

132. 63 

H-14 

133.31 

H-15 

130.26 

H-16 

128.30 

H-l 7 

129.95 

H-18 

129.36 

H-19 

124.35 

H-20 

124.11 

H-21 

122.18 

H-22 

120. 54 

H-23 

126.06 

H-24 

130.67 

H-25 

117.10 

H-26 

123.34 

H-27 

130.15 

H-28 

132. 04 

H-29 

121.08 

H-30 

130.67 

H-31 

135.85 

H-32 

136.38 

H-33 

137.20 

H-34 

125.95 

H-35 

119.72 


Description. 


NW. cor. sec. 18, T. 15, R. 3, 30 ft. N. of concrete monument at corner; on base 30-in. 
white oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 13, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak witness tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 26, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 30-in. oak, 500 ft. E. of corner. 

NE. cor. sec. 25, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 24-in. white oak about 600 ft. E. of sec. 
cor. 

N. line sec. 30, T. 16, R. 2, on E. edge of bayou, about 1,700 ft. E. from NW. cor. sec. 30; 
copper nail in root 50-in. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 30, T. 16, R. 2, on W. bank Wasp Lake; 1.5-in. pecan, near ferry at corner. 

NW. cor. sec. 29, T. 16, R. 2, on E. bank Wasp Lake; copper rivet in base 36-in. hickory, 
380 ft. E. of corner. 

N. line sec. 28, T. 16, R. 2, about 1,400 ft. E. from W. cor.; copper rivet in base 30-in. oak. 

N. line sec. 28, T. 16, R. 2, top W. bank Yazoo River; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak, 
probably 150 ft. S. of sec. line. 

NW. cor. sec. 27, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base double maple, about 450 ft. E. and 100 
ft. N. from sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 28, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak about 450 ft. E. from sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 29, T. 16, R.3, on Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad at Alexander's saw¬ 
mill; railroad spike in 2d tel. pole south of mill. 

NW. cor. sec. 29, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base oak witness tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 30, T. 16, R. 3, on N. bank bayou, 200 ft. N. of highway, on sycamore. 

NW. cor. sec. 25, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet iii base double oak witness tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 26, T. 16, R. 4, on S. side bayou at foot-log crossing, on base elm about 500 
ft. W. from corner. 

NW. cor. sec. 27, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 48-in. gum about 300 ft. E. from comer. 

N. line sec. 28, T. 16, R. 4, on E. bank Cold Lake; copper rivet in base of tree. 

N. line sec. 33, T. 15, R. 3, on W. side Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; copper rivet 
in base 20-in. gum. 

NW. cor. sec. 33, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in base 18-in. elm. 

N W. cor. sec. 32, T. 15, R. 3, at N. and S. fence about 300 ft. E. of cor.; copper rivet in base 
36-in. oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 31, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in base witness tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 12, T. 16, R. 3, on W. bank Sky Lake Bayou; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak. 

N. J cor. sec. 7, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base 36-in. oak witness tree. 

Sec. 8, T. 16, R. 2,100 ft. N. of Bear Creek, about 1,000 ft. W. from SW. cor. sec. 9, about 
640 ft. W. of H-26; copper rivet in base 36-in. cypress. 

Sec. 8, T. 16, R. 2, on E. bank Bear Creek opposite cabin on W. bank; copper rivet in 
base 24-in. oak about 400 ft. W. of SW. cor. 9-16-2. 

SE. cor. sec. 9, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base 24-in. gum about 400 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

SE. cor. sec. 10, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base gum tree. 

S. line sec. 11, T. 16, R. 2, on W. bank Yazoo River; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak half¬ 
way down bank. 

Sec. 2, T. 16, R. 2, on W. bank Yazoo River, about 1,300 ft. N. from S. line of sec., N. 
edge of timber; copper rivet in base 30-in. pecan. 

Sec. 3, T. 16, R. 2, on S. side Bacon Bayou, about 2,000 ft. E. of W. sec. line; copper rivet 
in base 30-in. oak. 

Sec. 4, T. 16, R. 2, on S. side Bacon Bayou, near mouth of Caney Bayou; copper rivet in 
base of holly NW. of highway bridge. 

Sec. 5, T. 16, It. 2, on S. side Bacon Bayou, about 2,300 ft. W. of E. sec. line. 

Sec. 5, T. 16, R. 2, on N. bank Bear Creek, about 2,000 ft. E. of W. sec. line; copper rivet 
in base 24-in. oak. 

Sec. 2, T. 16, R. 3, on N. side Sky Lake, about 1,500 ft. W. of E. sec. line and about 600 
ft. W. of mouth of ravine; copper rivet in 24-in. oak. 


[Bull. 244] 



























































51 


Bench marks —Continued. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 

Eleva¬ 
tion in 
feet. 

H-36 

124.09 

H-37 

121.80 

H-38 

123.37 

H-40 

122.07 

H-41 

116.52 

11-42 

118.34 

H-43 

116. 42 

H-44 

114.63 

H—45 

133. 47 

II-46 

127.57 

H-47 

125.30 

H-50 

121.05 

H-51 

121.07 

H-52 

122.16 

H-53 

126.26 

H-54 

110.32 

H-55 

121.12 

H-56 

120.15 

H-57 

109.13 

H-58 

127.72 

H-59 

128.24 

H-60 

124.56 

H-61 

126. 06 

H-62 

122.32 

H-63 

122.57 

H-64 

125.62 

11-65 

129.93 

H-66 

125.83 

H-67 

127.60 

11-69 

130.05 

H-70 

126.11 

H-71 

127. 66 

H-72 

131.50 

H-73 

123. 80 

H-74 

130.83 

H-75 

129.32 

H-76 

131.23 

H-77 

129. 24 

M-l 

134.50 

M-4 

131.84 

M-6 

134. 80 

M-8 

136.90 

M-13 

127.83 

M-l 7 

132.00 

M-21 

133.32 

M-24 

133.04 

M-26 

137.54 

M-28 

131.42 

M-31 

132.13 

M-33 

129.58 

M-34 

127.64 

M-35 

129.12 

M-36 

118.60 

M-37 

130.27 


Description. 


NW. cor. sec. 14, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. black oak. 

N. line sec. 15, T. 15, R. 4, on E. bank of bayou, about 150 ft. E. of { cor., on 20-in. oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 15, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak, about 500 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 16, T. 15, R. 4; base 24-in. elm 200 ft. E. and 190 ft. N. from corner. 

N. line 17-15-4, about 3,400 ft. W. of NE. sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 36, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base white oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 35, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 16-in. hickory. 

N. line sec. 34, T. 15, R. 4, on E. bank of shallow bayou; copper rivet in base thorn tree 
about 200 ft. W. of \ cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 18, T. 16, R. 3, at church and schoolhouse N. of Bellewood; copper rivet in 
base of oak bearing sign 11 Belzoni—7 mi.” 

NW. cor. sec. 26, T. 15, R. 5, on E. bank Big Sunflower River, N. side Ditchlow Bayou; 
copper rivet in base large elm top of river bank. 

Sec. 25, T. 15, R. 5, S. bank Ditchlow Bayou, W. side branch bayou, near highway bridge; 
in base sycamore about 1,200 ft. S. and 400 ft. E. from NW. sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 31, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 31, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak probably 100 ft. E. of corner. 

NE. cor. sec. 32, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. elm. 

NE. cor. sec. 33, T. 15, R. 4; nail in base 12-in. oak. 

Sec. 36, T. 15, R. 5, at junction of lakes, about 1,800 ft. SE. from NW.sec. cor., on cotton¬ 
wood. 

N. line sec. 13, T. 15, R. 5, on W. side bayou, about 800 ft. E. of NW. cor. sec.; copper 
rivet in base 16-in. oak. 


NW. cor. sec. 18, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. hickory. 

Sec. 30, T. 15, R. 4, on S. side Ditchlow Bayou, at mouth Buck Bayou; on oak tree. 

West bank Big Sunflower River at Callao, at mouth of bayou; copper rivet in post at 
NW. cor. of bridge. 

NW. cor. sec. 26, T. 16, R. 5, on E. bank Big Sunflower River; copper rivet in base 48-in. 
oak, 800 ft. S. 57° W. from sec. cor. 

E. line sec. 21, T. 16 ; R. 5, on E. bank Big Sunflower River, about 1,700 ft. N. from SE. 
cor. sec.; copper rivet in base 24-in. leaning sycamore. 

NE. cor. sec. 26, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 36-in. oak witness tree. 

N. line sec. 25, T. 16, R. 5, about 850 ft. W. of NE. cor. sec.; copper rivet in base ash tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 30, T. 16, R. 4, about 50 ft. N. and 500 ft. W. from sec. cor.; copper rivet in 
base hard maple. 

NE. cor. sec. 30, T. 16, R. 4, about 225 ft. E. of sec. cor.; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak. 

Sec. 21, T. 16, R. 4, on E. bank Cold Lake at mouth Little Jackson Bayou, in front of 
house; base 36-in. oak, about 1,450 ft. N. of S. line of sec. 

NE. cor. sec. 16, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 30-in. oak witness tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 15, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 40-in. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 14, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base double oak on E. side private road. 

N. line sec. 13, T. 16, R. 5, on W. bank Martin Lake; copper rivet in base of dead oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 13, T. 16, R. 5, on E. bank Martin Lake; copper rivet in base of tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 2, T. 16, R. 4, at fence N. & S.; copper rivet in base of 30-in. dead oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 1, T. 16, R. 4, on E. bank Beaver Dam Bayou; on base of oak tree, about 
350 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 14, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 12-in. hickory—'“road W. and N.” 

NW. cor. sec. 15, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base elm witness tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 16, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 20-in. oak, 250 ft. W. of cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 17, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in 36-in. oak. 

Belzoni, S. side Main St., 10 ft. E. of Delta Southern Railroad track, top of railroad rail 
set in ground. 

NE. cor. sec. 34, T. 16, R.3, 2 nails in N. side tel. pole, E. side Delta Southern Railroad 
track. 

NW. cor. sec. 26, T. 16, R. 3, 2 nails in N. side tel. pole, E. side Delta Southern Railroad 
track. 

N. line sec. 23, T. 16, R. 3, at fence E. side of Delta Southern Railroad, 25 ft. S. of aban¬ 
doned store; 2 nails in W. side 20-in. white oak. 

li mi. S. of Belzoni station, Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; copper rivet in NE. 
root of 16-in. elm, 60 ft. W. of track, at Sta. 83+50. 

Belgrade, 60 ft. S. of tram road, 15 ft. E. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; copper 
rivet in W. side of post “ R W.” 

Silver City, 100 ft. S. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad station; copper rivet in 
E. side milepost “M-l 63; No. 301.” 

N. line sec. 14, T. 16, R. 3; cu. rivet E. and middle bent 16-ft. trestle Delta Southern 
Railroad track. 

Jaketown, E. side of Delta Southern Railroad and E. side of road; copper rivet in N. 
gatepost near crossing of highway and railroad. 

SE. cor. sec. 2, T. 16, R. 3; cu. rivet W. side 14-inch elm, 60 ft. E. of Delta Southern 


Railroad. 

)uke, S. bank of Bear Creek, 100 ft. E. of Delta Southern Railroad; 2 copper rivets in 
S. root of 14-in. oak. 

)uke, 2,000 ft. N. of Bear Creek, 60 ft. W. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; 
copper rivet in N. side of 14-in. red oak. 

lelzoni, at N. J cor. sec. 2, T. 15, R. 3, on W. bank of creek; copper rivet in N. side 24-in. 


willow. 

NE. cor. sec. 2, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in N. 14-inch gum with old “X”. 

N. line sec. 1, T. 15, R. 3, on W. bank of bayou about 2,000 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor.; cop¬ 
per rivet in NE. side 15-in. cj^press. . . „ . 

N. line sec. 1, T. 15, R. 3, at edge of woods near E. $ cor.; copper rivet in S. side 24-m. 


gum. 


[Bull. 244] 













52 


Bench marks —Continued. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 


Eleva¬ 
tion in 
feet. 


Description. 


M-38 

M-40 

M-43 

M-44 

M-46 

M-47 

M-48 

M-49 

M-51 

M-52 

M-53 

M-54 

M-55 

M-56 

M-57 

M-59 

M-65 

M-66 

M-67 

M-68 

M-69 

M-70 

M-71 

M-72 

M-73 

M-74 

M-75 

M-76 

M-77 

M-78 

M-79 

M-80 

M-81 

M-82 

M-83 

M-84 

M-85 

M-86 

M-87 

K-l 

K-2 

K-2J 

K-4 


121.98 
132.01 
130.57 
128.22 
130.39 

126.37 

133.93 
134.07 
136.33 
126.09 
127.53 

124.94 

123.48 

124.10 

122.89 

120.43 

117.92 
118.02 

129.92 
139.03 

135.63 
116.52 

131.99 

131.89 
130.76 
119.08 
127.50 

117.64 
119.01 

122.85 

134.59 

130.09 

119.89 

119.49 

118.38 
120. 25 

115.93 
121.27 

124.43 

131.72 
132.80 

131.20 

126. 82 

125. 44 
124. 59 


N. line sec. 6, T. 15, R. 2, W. bank of Yazoo River; copper rivet in S. side 16-in. tree 
about 8 ft. below top of bank. 

Alexander’s sawmill, 125 ft. N. of road, 60 ft. W. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Rail¬ 
road; copper rivet in E. side 12-in. elm. 

Near N. line sec. 19, T. 16, R. 3; nail in tel. pole E. side Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Rail¬ 
road track. 

Bellewood, 100 ft. W. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad, 100 ft. S. of highway, on 
S. side of bayou; copper rivet in NE. side 18-in. oak. 

Isola, on S. bank of Jackson Bayou, 500 ft. N. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad 
station, 70 ft. E. of track; copper rivet in NW. side of 24-in. willow oak. 

Dawson Lake, S. bank, 60 ft. E. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; copper rivet 
in W. side of 12-in. black oak. 

N. line sec. 3, T. 16, R. 4, N. line Washington Co.; nail in W. side post “M-148, J-79,” 
Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad. 

Near Isola, N. line sec. 10, T. 16, R. 4, 60 ft. W. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; 
copper rivet in NE. root of 14-in. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 14, T. 16, R. 4; cu. rivet top post “LD-150.56” Yazoo & Mississippi Val¬ 
ley Railroad. 

S. line sec. 35, T. 15, R. 3, at W. bank of Yazoo River; nail through copper washer in 

S. side 54-in. oak on township line. 

S. line sec. 33, T. 15, R. 3, about 100 ft. W. and 40 ft. S. from \ cor.; nail through copper 
washer in N. side 20-in. black oak. 

S. line sec. 33, T. 15, R. 3,1,250 ft. E. of W. sec. cor. (not marked). 

SW. cor. sec. 33, T. 15, R. 3; nail through copper washer in S. side 16-in. hickory, 10 
ft. N. of 6-in. oak at corner. 

S. line sec. 32, T. 15, R. 3; nail in S. side 3-ft. willow oak, about 200 ft. W. of J cor. 

SW. cor. sec. 32, T. 15, R. 3; nail through copper washer, in S. side 16-in. oak, about 
80 ft. W. of comer. 

SW. cor. sec. 31, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in S. root 40-in. bur oak, 40 ft. W. of con¬ 
crete monument at sec. cor. 

S. line sec. 36, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in S. side 16-in. post oak about 300 ft. W. of \ cor. 

SW. cor. sec. 36, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in S. side 18-in. hickory, about 150 ft. W. of 
comer. 

NW. cor. sec. 1, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in N. side 24-in. post oak near sec. cor. 

Near NW. cor. sec. 2, T. 16, R. 3, at turn of road to N., about 700 ft. W. sec. cor.; nail 
through copper washer, W. side of big post in N. and S. fence, near S. fence E. and W. 

N. \ cor. sec. 3, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in S. root 40-in. red oak, 15 ft. W. of cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 3, T. 16, R. 3, E. side Sky Lake; copper rivet in 10-in. leaning ironwood 
(20-in. cypress scribed), 130 ft. E. of open water, on county line. 

NW. cor. sec. 4, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in W. side 20-in. gum witness tree, 25 ft. S. of 
cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 5, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in S. side 24-in. oak, 6 ft. S. of county-line fence, 
about 40 ft. east of cor. 

N. line sec. 6, T. 16, R. 3,1,500 ft. W. of E. cor.; copper rivet in NW. root 36-in. water 
oak, about on county line. 

Brushy Lake at E. end of open water, N. bank of Buck Bayou, near N. \ line of sec. 10, 

T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in S. side 3-ft. gum. 

Sec. 26, T. 16, R. 4, about 1,000 ft. NW. from center of sec.; copper rivet in S. side 20-in. 
red oak in middle of bayou. 

SW. cor. sec. 35, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in N. root 16-in. oak, about 100 ft. W. of cor. 

SW. cor. sec. 34, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in NE. root 40-in. white oak, 30 ft. SW. from 
sec. cor. as marked by blazed trees. 

SW. cor. sec. 33, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in SE. root 24-in. red elm, about 600 ft. E. of 
cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 16, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in 10-in. leaning gum, about 50 ft. W. and 
800 ft. N. of cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 18, T. 16, R. 3, at E. edge of woods, about 600 ft. N. of Jackson Bayou and 
800 ft. W. of sec. line; copper rivet in N. side 10-in. persimmon tree at fence. 

SW. cor. sec. 35, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in W. root 24-in. bitter pecan at township- 
line fence, on W. side woods road, 45 ft. E. of cor. 

SW. cor. sec. 36, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in SE. root 12-in. hackberry scribed “Sharkey 
Co.”, 20 ft. SE. of pipe marking cor. 

SW. cor. sec. 31, T. 15, R. 4, 868 ft. S.from pipe marking SE. cor. sec. 36, T. 15, R. 5; 
copper rivet in NE. root 30-in. ash on range line. 

SW. cor. sec. 32, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in NW. root 20-in. white oak, about 50 ft. E. 
of cor. 

Sec. 36, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in N. side 10-in. hackberry, on E. bank of lake and 
N. bank of bayou, J mile N. of SW. cor. sec. 36. 

S. line sec. 34, T. 15, R. 5, top of E. bank Big Sunflower River; copper rivet in NE. root 
4-ft. forked sycamore, 75 ft. N. of county line. 

N. bank Ditchlow Bayou, E. bank of Cat Tail Bayou at mouth; copper cartridge shell 
in N. root 30-in. hackberry on S. side road. 

NE. cor. sec. 3, T. 15, R. 3, 20 ft. S. of churchyard; copper rivet in SE. root of 42-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 4, T. 15, R. 3, in front of negro cabin; copper rivet in root 24-in. gum, 10 ft. 
S. of tram road. 

NE. cor. sec. 5, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in root 36-in. black gum, at east edge of road, 
inside fence, 480 ft. N. of corner. 

NE. cor. sec. 6, T. 15, R. 3, near shanty and small clearing N. of tramroad, on 15-in. 
sycamore 15 ft S. of tram. 

NE. cor. sec. 1, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in 20-in. water oak, 15 ft. N. of tramroad. 

N. line sec. 1, T. 15, R. 4, 20 ft. W. of W. end of trestle, 870 ft. W. of NE. cor. sec. 1. 


[Bull. 244] 













53 


Bench marks —Continued. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 

Eleva¬ 
tion in 
feet. 

K -6 

124. 79 

K-7 

128.00 

K -8 

124.19 

K-9 

124. 42 

K-10 

122. 30 

K-ll 

130. 44 

K -12 

128.08 

K-13 

129.17 

K-14 

129. 62 

K-15 

121. 30 

K-16 

121 . 60 

K-17 

121. 76 

K-18 

126. 49 

K-19 

126.93 

K-20 

131. 67 

K-21 

129. 52 

K-22 

127. 64 

K-23 

125. 89 

K-24 

132.76 

K-25 

128. 55 

K-26 

126. 02 

K-27 

120. 53 

K-28 

122.99 

K-30a 

125. 32 

K-30b 

135.59 

K-31a 

128. 79 

K-31b 

133. 48 

K-32 

131.19 

K-33 

134.03 

K-34 

134. 56 

K-35 

124.95 

K-36 

125. 60 

K-37 

124. 49 

K-38 

127. 95 

K-39 

127. 66 

K-40 

127. 53 

K-41 

136. 40 

K-42 

132. 83 

K-43 

128. 98 

K-44 

129.98 

K-45 

131. 82 

K-46 

131. 89 

K-47 

127. 93 

K-48 

124.49 

K-49 

129. 41 

O-l 

129. 97 

0-2 

129.19 

0-3 

134. 46 

0-4 

133. 15 

0-5 

121. 45 

0-6 

128. 46 

0-7 

131. 27 

0-8 

129.95 

0-9 

129. 45 

O -10 

127. 66 


Description. 


NE. cor. sec. 2 , T. 15, R. 4, at abandoned tramroad spur to NW.; copper rivet in root 
30-in. gum 15 ft. S. of tram, 60 ft. E. of cor. 

N. i cor. sec. 2 , T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in root 20-in. red oak 30 ft. N. of tramroad. 

NE. cor. sec. 3, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in root 30-in. red oak 8 ft. S. of tramroad about 
540 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 4, T. 15, R.4, at“Y”of tramroad, about 800 ft. E. of sec. cor.; copper rivet 
in 20-in. oak 100 ft. W. of switch. 

NE. cor. sec. 5, T. 15, R. 4, at Interstate Cooperage Co. camp; copper rivet in root of 18-in. 
black oak 20 ft. N. of tramroad. 

N. line sec. 10, T. 15, R. 3, W. of Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad, in front of white 
cabin; copper rivet in root 24-in. black oak in hog lot. 

NE. cor. sec. 9, T. 15, R. 3, 100 ft. E. of cabin, 50 ft. S. of road; copper rivet in root of 
18-in. elm. 

NE. cor. sec. 8 , T. 15, R. 3, at intersection of roads north and south and east and west; 
on 10-in. elm 12 ft. N. of house SE. of cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 7, T. 15, R. 3, at edge of timber, N. side road; copper rivet in root 15-in. 
sweet gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 6 , T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in root of 15-in. white oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 6 , T. 15, R. 4, at N. side right-of-way clearing for tramroad, W. edge shallow 
slough; copper rivet in root 24-in. elm (250 ft. N. 40° E. from K-17). 

NE. cor. sec. 1, T. 15, R. 5, at W. edge shallow slough; copper rivet in root 12-in. oak 
(250 ft. S. 40° W. from K-16). 

N. line sec. 16, T. 15 N., R. 3, W. edge Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad right of way, 
at bridge LD 159-05; copper rivet in 20-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 16, T. 15, R. 3, 10 ft. NW. from concrete corner monument; copper rivet in 
root of 30-in. water oak. 

N. line sec. 15, T. 15, R. 3, on W. bank Yazoo River on 8 -in. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 17, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in root 40-in. hollow gum, 100 ft. E. of cor. 

N. line sec. 17, T. 15, R. 3, at N W. cor. large field; copper rivet in root of 24-in. cottonwood, 
about 1,000 ft. E. of NW. cor. sec. 

NE. cor. sec. 18, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in 40-in. elm. 

Belzoni, at Yazoo River bridge, top of iron rail 20 ft. S. of W. end of bridge. 

Belzoni, athead of Main St. on N. bank Yazoo River; 2 nails in 12 in. by 12 in. signpost. 

Sec. 10, T. 15, R. 3, near middle of sec., N. bank Yazoo River and S. bank of creek; copper 
rivet in root 40-in. willow oak. 

W. bank Yazoo River, N.banlc Little Atchafalaya Bayou, on N. side 36-in. cypress 150 ft. 
from river bank. 

N. line sec. 20, T. 15, R. 3, at E. edge Little Atchafalaya Bayou; copper rivet in root of 
32-in. elm on S. side Belgrade tramroad. 

NE. cor. sec. 2, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in root 24-in. white oak, about 800 ft. S. of sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 10, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in root 24-in. oak witness tree 30 ft. SW. of sec. 
cor. 

N. line 2-15-5, Middle Callao, in front of house, top of E. bank Big Sunflower River; 
copper rivet in W. root 24-in. pecan. 

NW. cor. sec. 10, T. 16, R. 3, on E. side road to Belzoni; copper rivet in root 6 -in. oak 
about 140 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 9, T. 16, R. 3, about 1,760 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor.; copper rivet in root 14-in. ash. 

NE. cor. sec. 16, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in root 18-in. oak. 

N. line sec. 16, T. 16, R. 3, about 1,100 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor., 600 ft. W. of Castleman’s 
lumber yard; copper rivet in root 20 -in. black gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 8 , T. 16, R. 5, on E. bank of bayou; copper rivet in root 20-in. white oak. 

SW. £ sec. 4, T. 16, R. 5, in road 50 ft. NW. from bayou, on 40-in. gum. 

NW. } sec. 9, T. 16, R. 5, at end of bayou; 30-in. over cup oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 9, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in root 4-ft. double gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 10, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in root 40-in. gum 60 ft. S. of iron pipe at sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 11, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in root 40-in. gum, 45 ft. NE. of iron pipe at sec. 
cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 10, T. 16, R. 4; top of 6 -in. square iron post at sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 11 , T. 16, R. 4; nail in 12-in. red oak 10 ft. S. iron pipe at sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 12, T. 16, R. 4; 18-in. gum in abandoned woods road. 

NE. cor. sec. 7, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in root 24-in. gum, 180 ft. W. and 150 ft. S. of 

S 0 C. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 8 , T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in 10 -in. elm about 150 ft. S. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 10 , T. 16, R. 4; top of iron post 6 -in. square marking sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 8 , T. 16, R. 4, in dry bayou; 12-in. elm. 

N. line sec. 12-16-5, S. side Beasley Bayou, about 700 ft. W. of NE. sec. cor. on 12-in. black 
oak (not scribed). 

NE. cor. sec. 7-16-4; 15-in. gum 25 ft. SW. of post at sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 35, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 30-in. sweet gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 36, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in S. side 40-in. water oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 31, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base 18-in. sycamore. 200 ft. S. of cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 32, T. 16, R. 2, on W. bank Yazoo River; copper rivet in quadruple pecan. 

Sec. 32, T. 16, R. 2, on N. bank Yazoo River, about 700 ft. W. of center of sec.; copper rivet 
in base 30-in. pecan. . „ . 

NW. cor. sec. 34 , T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in W. root 18-rn. gum 40 ft. N. of bearing tree. 

N. line sec. 33, T. 16, R. 3, on E. side Yazoo & Mississippi Valley Railroad; nail in tel. 

N?V. cor. sec. 33, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 18-in. cottonwood. 

N. line sec. 32, T. 16, R. 3, about 100 ft. W. of E. i cor.; copper rivet in base 10-in. jack 
0d>lc« 

NW. cor. sec. 32, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 36-in. gum, 730 ft. W. of sec. cor. 


[Bull. 244] 












54 


Bench marks —Continued. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 

Eleva¬ 
tion in 
jfeet. 

O-ll 

125.63 

0-12 

128. 45 

0-13 

125.04 

0-14 

123. 44 

0-15 

120.32 

0-16 

123. 78 

0-17 

127. 65 

0-18 

129. 69 

0-19 

129. 55 

0-20 

131.15 

0-21 

127.64 

0-22 

129.21 

0-23 

128.27 

0-24 

135.07 

0-25 

133.40 

0-26 

133.33 

0-28 

124.05 

0-29 

123.12 

0-30 

127. 61 

0-31 

125.39 

0-32 

128.26 

0-33 

126.32 

0-34 

131.31 

0-35 

126.44 

0-36 

123.45 

0-37 

122.71 

0-38 

125.43 

0-39 

125.25 

0-40 

131.45 

0-41 

127.96 

0-42 

128.18 

0-43 

127. 75 

0-44 

128.15 

0-45 

132.05 

0-46 

131.54 

0-47 

127.03 

0-48 

122.45 

0-49 

127.70 

0-50 

124.44 

0-51 

119.00 

0-52 

117.75 

0-53 

120.25 

0-54 

120.13 

0-55 

124.12 

0-56 

122.55 

0-57 

132.27 

0-58 

132.24 

0-59 

121.79 

0-60 

125.65 

0-61 

126. 47 


[Bull, 


Description. 


NW. cor. sec. 31, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in base 12-in. oak, 90 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 36, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 40-in. white oak, 120 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 7, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in base 48-in. oak, 100 ft. N. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 12, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak 40 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 11, T. 15, R. 4, on W. bank of bayou, 840 ft. W. from NE. sec. cor.; copper 
rivet in base 36-in. cypress. 

N. line sec. 24, T. 16, R. 3, 1,500 ft. E. of NW. sec cor.; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 24, T. 16, R. 3, W. of houses; copper rivet in base 30-in. oak 380 ft. W. of sec. 
cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 20, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in 36-in. water oak. 

N. J cor. sec. 21, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base 48-in. gum 200 ft. W. of \ cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 21, T. 16, R. 2, top of W. bank Yazoo River; copper rivet in base 24-in. gum. 

NW. cor. sec. 20, T. 15, R. 3, on S. side tram road, 400 ft. E. of sec. cor.; copper rivet in 
base 18-in. willow oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 19, T. 15, R. 3, 100 ft. S. of sec. cor., 50 ft. S. of tram road; copper rivet 
in base 30-in. white oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 24, T. 15, R. 4, on N. side tram road; copper nail in base 24-in. white oak. 

N. line sec. 22, T. 16, R. 3, 1,500 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor., 40 ft. S. of cabin in open field; 
copper rivet in base 30-in. oak. 

N. line sec. 21, T. 16, R. 3, 2,000 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor.; copper nail in 18-in. white oak. 

N. line sec. 20, T. 16, R. 3,1,750 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor., 400 ft. W. of cabin; 24-in. oak on 
edge of clearing. 

NW. cor. sec. 35, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in 30-in. oak, 300 ft. E. of cor. 

N. line sec. 34, T. 16, R. 4, on W.side bayou, 3,000 ft. W. of NE. sec. cor.; copper rivet 
in S. side 30-in. gum. 

NW. cor. sec. 34, T. 16, R: 4; copper rivet in base 40-in. gum, 20 ft. W. of cor. 

N. line sec. 23, T. 15, R. 4,1,800 ft. W. of NE. sec. cor., S. side tram road at trestle 200 ft. 
E. of turn to N.; copper rivet in N. side 20-in. elm. 

NW. cor. sec. 23, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 12-in. jack oak witness tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 22, T. 15, R. 4, on old Southern Railroad right of way; copper rivet in 36- 
in. gum 50 ft. SE. of sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 28, T. 15, R. 3, on W. bank Yazoo River; nail in fence post. 

N. line sec. 29, T. 15, R. 3, on E. side bayou 1,600 ft. W. of NE. sec. cor.; copper rivet in 
24-in. black gum. 

NW. cor. sec. 29, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in base 40-in. white oak 260 ft. E. of sec. cor. 
monument. 

N W. cor. sec. 30, T. 15, R. 3; copper rivet in 36-in. pin oak, 30 ft. N. of sec. cor. monument. 

NW. cor. sec. 33, T. 16, R. 4, at E. edge of clearing; copper rivet in base 10-in. gum 100 ft. 
NW. of sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 32, T. 16, R. 4, on W. bank Cold Lake; on 30-in. sycamore in front of cabin. 

N. line sec. 14, T. 16, R. 3, on W. bank Wasp Lake, 1,000 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor.; nail in 
root 12-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 14, T. 16, R. 3; copper rivet in S. side 24-in. black oak. 

N. line sec. 13, T. 16, R. 3, on E. side of bayou 2,300 ft. E. of NW. sec. cor.; nail in base 
12-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 13, T. 16, R. 3, on W. bank Cypress Lake, about 400 ft. W. of sec. cor.; cop¬ 
per rivet in base 24-in. tupelo gum. 

NW. cor. sec. 18, T. 16, R. 2, on E. bank Cypress Lake, about 450 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 18, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in S. side 20-in. elm bearing tree. 

Sec. 16, T. 16, R. 2, about 700 ft. N. and 260 ft. E. from intersection of W. line sec. 8 with 
Choctaw Boundary (county line) at E. edge of clearing; copper rivet in base 14-in. 
white oak. 

Sec. 16, T. 16, R. 2, on W. bank Yazoo River about 3,000ft. W. and 1,000ft. N. from SW. 
cor. sec. 15, T. 16, R. 2; copper rivet in base 36-in. white oak. 

Sec. 12, T. 16, R. 3, near middle of sec., 300 ft. from N. bank Wasp Lake, on W. bank 
branch bayou; copper rivet in base 20-in. hickory. 

NW. cor. sec. 11, T. 15, R. 4, about 200 ft. W. of small bayou; copper rivet in base 40-in. 
black oak, about 500 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 10, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. sweet gum, 150 ft. N. and 40 ft. 
E. of sec. cor. 

N. line sec. 9, T. 15, R. 4, on W. bank Buck Bayou, 2,260 ft. W. from NE. sec. cor.; cop¬ 
per rivet in base 16-in. hickory 70 ft. E. of tram road. 

NW. cor. sec. 9, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. white oak at cor. 

Sec. 4, T. 15, R. 4, in middle of Cold Lake Bayou about 1,400 ft. SE. from sec. cor.; cop¬ 
per rivet in 3-ft. cypress. 

Sec. 8, T. 15, R. 4, on W. bank Buck Bayou, about 1,400 ft. NW. of center of sec.; 3-ft. 
cypress. 

NW. cor. sec. 25, T. 15, R. 4, 60 ft. E. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 26, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 24-in. white oak 50 ft. W. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 24, T. 16, R. 4, at NW. cor. open timber; copper rivet in base 24-in. hickory, 
60 ft. S. of sec. cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 23, T. 16, R. 4, at E. edge clearing; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak, 120 ft. 
E. of sec. cor. 

Murphy on E. bank Big Sunflower River, S. side of approach to ferry; copper rivet in 18- 
in. pecan. 

Sec. 26, T. 15, R. 5, on N. bank Big Sunflower River, just outside cotton field, about 600 
ft. SE. from center of sec.; copper rivet in base 36-in. water oak. 

N. line sec. 35, T. 15, R. 5, top of E. bank Big Sunflower River, at fence line; copper rivet 
in base 30-in. black gum. 


I R 0 7 i2 















55 


Bench marks —Continued. 


Bench 

mark 

No. 


Eleva¬ 
tion in 
feet. 


Description. 


0-62 

0-63 

0-64 

0-65 

0-66 


126.64 
125.07 
127.47 
127.86 
129. 48 


See. 35, T. 15, R. 5, top of E. bank Big Sunflower River and N. bank bayou, about 500 
ft. W. from E. J cor.; copper rivet in base 30-in. black gum. 

W. line sec. 35, T. 15, R. 5, top of S. bank Big Sunflower River; copper rivet in base 20- 
in. gum. 

N. line sec. 22, T. 15, R. 5, top E. bank Big Sunflower River, at branch road E.; copper 
rivet in base 20-in. black oak. 

N. line sec. 14, T. 15, R. 5, top E. bank Big Sunflower River, 500 ft. S. from sec. line; cop¬ 
per rivet in base 20-in. gum. 

N. line sec. 11, T. 15, R. 5, on E bank Big Sunflower River, at E. and W. fence; copper 
rivet in base 14-in. water oak. 


0-67 


0-68 

0-70 

0-71 


123.86 

126.02 
117.05 
124. 75 


NE. cor. sec. 26, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in base 12-in. hickory 60 ft. W. from iron pipe 
marking corner. 

NW. cor. sec. 30, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 6-ft. gum at cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 30, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. hackberry, 80 ft. E. from corner. 
NE. cor. sec. 29, T. 15, R. 4, at SW. cor. cotton field; copper rivet base 40-in. gum, 40 
ft. N. from cor. 


0-72 

0-73 

0-74 

0-75 


116. 72 
123. 41 
121.03 
119.65 


N. line sec. 28, T. 15, R. 4, on bank of Gooden Lake, 3,160 ft. E. from NW. cor. sec. 28; 
copper rivet in base 20-in. oak, 30 ft. N. of line. 

NE. cor. sec. 23, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in 2-ft. black oak, 60 ft. E. and 40 ft. S. from 
cor. 

N. line sec. 24, T. 15, R. 5, at E. edge open brake, 1,070 ft. E. of NW. cor. sec.; copper 
rivet in base 3-ft. cypress. 

NW. cor. sec. 19, T. i5, R. 4; copper rivet in base 16-in. oak, 140 ft. E. and 205 ft. N. of 
sec. cor. 


0-76 

125.14 

0-77 

118.01 

0-78 

118.44 

0-79 

118.06 

0-80 

117.14 

0-81 

121.81 

0-82 

124.06 

0-S3A 

123.68 

0-83 B 

129.39 

0-84 

130.09 

0-85 

123.22 

0-86 

120. 47 

0-87 

122.02 

0-88 

121.94 

0-89 

127. 73 

0-90 

128.69 

0-91 

129.63 

0-92 

127. 73 

0-93 

127.16 

0-94 

129.38 

0-95 

125.11 

0-96 

126.78 

0-97 

125.84 

0-98 

121.85 

0-99 

129.90 

0-100 

128.52 

0-101 

134.56 

0-102 

131.24 

0-103 

127.28 

0-104 

124.32 

0-105 

128.30 

0-106 

128. 20 

0-107 

126.35 


NE. cor. sec. 11, T. 15, R. 5; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak, 40 ft. E. from cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 7, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. white oak, 40 ft. E. from cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 7, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 3-ft. oak, 30 ft. W. from cor. 

N. line sec. 19, T. 15, R. 4, on E. bank Blue Lake; copper rivet in base 24-in. oak, 2,800 
ft. E. of NW. cor. sec. 

NE. cor. sec. 19, T. 15, R. 4, on E. bank bayou; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak. 

NW. cor. sec. 21, T. 15, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak, 25 ft. NE. from cor. 

Sec. 9, T. 15, R. 4, about 700 ft. N. and 500 ft. W. from SE. cor. sec. in bottom of bayou; 
copper rivet in base 18-in. elm. 

NE. cor. sec. 36, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 4-ft. gum on range line, near cor. 

N. line sec. 21, T. 16, R. 5, on E. bank Big Sunflower River; copper rivet in base 12-in. 
oak at E. and W. fence, 50 ft. from top of bank. 

Sec. 17, T. 16, R. 5, top of E. bank Big Sunflower River, about 1,800 ft. S. of N. line sec. 
17; copper rivet in base lS-in. ash, E. side of road. 

SW. cor. sec. 9, T. 16, R. 5, on E. bank Big Sunflower River, S. bank Beasley Bayou, 
about 600 ft. N. of sec. cor.; copper rivet in base 18-in. hickory, W. side road. 

N. line sec. 31, T. 16, R. 4, on W. bank of bayou, 1,640 ft. E. from NW. cor. of sec.; cop¬ 
per rivet in base 30-in. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 31, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 2-ft. oak, 40 ft. E. of cor. 

N. line Washington Co., E. bank Big Sunflower River, 1,060 ft. W. of NE. cor. sec. 4, 
T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 18-in. sycamore. 

N. line sec. 3, T. 16, R. 5, 1,600 ft. E. from NW. cor. sec., about 250 ft. E. of middle of 
bayou; copper rivet in base 3-ft. oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 21, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in 2-ft. gum witness tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 22, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in 30-in. cottonwood witness tree. 

NE. cor. sec. 23, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in 18-in. gum, 100 ft. W. of cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 19, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in 3-ft. gum. 

NE. cor. sec. 19, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in 3-ft. black stump, 50 ft. S. and 40 ft. W. from 
cor. 

N. line sec. 20, T. 16, R. 4, on W. bank Cold Lake, 400 ft. N. of wagon bridge; in 20-in 
oak. 

NE. cor. sec. 3, T. 16, R. 5; copper rivet in base 3-ft. elm, 100 ft. W. of cor. 

NE. cor. sec. 2, T. 16, R. 5; conper rivet in base 2-ft. oak, 60 ft. W. of cor. 

N. line sec. 17, T. 16, R. 4, on W. bank Cold Lake in small pig pen, 400 ft. N. of branch 
bayou; copoer rivet in base 8-in. twin black oak. 

N. line sec. 8,"T. 16, R. 4, at E. end bridge over Cold Lake, 400 ft. S. of sec. line; copper 
rivet in base 3-ft. oak. 

N. line sec. 3, T. 16, R. 4, on S. bank Dawson Lake, about 2,800 ft. W. from NE. cor. 
sec.; copper rivet in base 12-in. persimmon. 

NE. cor. sec. 4, T. 16, R. 4, top W. bank of branch bayou; nail in base 2-ft. gum, 100 ft. 
W. of cor. , . , 

NW. cor. sec. 4, T. 16, R. 4, at line of fence to N.; copper rivet in base 14-rn. white-oak 
witness tree* 

NW. cor. sec. *5, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 4-ft. oak, 140 ft. W. of cor. 

NW. cor. sec. 6, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak witness tree. 

NW. cor. sec. 22, T. 16, R. 4; copper rivet in base 12-in. oak, 240 ft. S. and 260 ft. W. 


vyill vvl • 

NW cor. sec. 21, T. 16, R. 4: copper rivet in base 18-in. black oak. 

N. line sec. 9, T. 16, R. 4, 1,800 ft. W. of sec. cor.; copper rivet in base 18-in. oak. 


[Bull. 244] 


O 















J 





























































































. 























IIBRARY O 












